Plant Bullshit Flashcards by Matt Lazarus

Tx for Larkspur/Monkshood

Physostigmine better than neostigmine

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Steroidal saponin

Agave

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MOA of cocklebur

Hepatotoxic

Hypoglycemia

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Clinical signs of oleander

Abdominal pain and vomiting

Digitalis-like effects

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Xanthine alkaloids

Cocoa

Coffee

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MOA of sago palm/cardboard palm

GI irritation

Liver damage

Teratogenic

Carcinogenic

Axonal degeneration (unknown toxin)

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MOA of day blooming jassamine?

Hypercalcemia

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Selenium indicator plant?

Halogeton

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Clinical signs of Narcissus?

GI signs

Muscle tremors/seizures

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Clinical signs of bracken fern?

Enzootic bovine hematuria

Thiamine deficiency in the horse

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Plant associated with cardiotoxic alkaloid?

Monkshade

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Calcinogenic glycoside (vitamin D analog)

Day blooming jassamine

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MOA of Glory lily/climbing lily

Antimitotic binding to tubulin in rapidly dividing cells

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Tropane alkaloids

Jimsonweed

Devil’s trumpet

Angel’s trumpet

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MOA of rattlebox/ragwort?

Hepatotoxic

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Taxine alkaloid

Japanese yew

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Indolizidine alkaloids

Locoweed

Milkvetches

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MOA of Narcissus?

Emetic and purgative

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Clinical signs of phytoestrogens

Infertility in females

Decreased libido and infertility in males

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Soluble oxalates?

Halogeton

Rhubarb

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Anthraquinone

Coffee senna

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Piperidine alkaloid

Tobacco

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Clinical signs of Locoweek/milkvetches

Neuro signs:

Depression, incoordination, ataxia, circling, abnormal behavior

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Specific antidote for cocoa/coffee?

Propranalol for arrhythmias

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Titerpene acid

Lantana Yellow sage

Insoluble calcium oxalate plants?

Flamingo Caladium

T/F: Glycosides have to undergo hydrolysis to have an effect

True

Effects of insoluble calcium oxalate?

Irritation of lips, mouth, throat, and vomiting

MOA of sweet clover

Inhibit vitamin K epoxide reductase Similar to warfarin

MOA of Lantana/yellow sage

Liver damage and hepatic photosensitization

MOA of Larkspur/Monkshade

Block nicotinic receptors similar to curare

Isocupressic acid

Ponderosa pine

Quinone

St. John's wort

Cause of death from pyridine alkaloids?

Respiratory failure

Cycasin

Cardboard palm Sago palm

What plant has clinical signs similar to PCP?

Ergot

MOA of agave

Liver damage -\> hepatogenic photosensitization

MOA of glucosinolate (thiocynate glycosides)

Antithyroid

MOA of cocoa/coffee

Block adenosine receptors

MOA of poisonous mushrooms

Stimulation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors CNS stimulation

Carboxyatractyloside (sulfated glycoside)

Cocklebur

Lycorine

Narcissus

What part of the Narcissus plant is most toxic?

Bulb

Birth defects are most important with what plant?

Tobacco

Coumarin glycoside

Sweet clover

Two toxic principles associated with tobacco plants

Piperidine alkaloid Pyridine alkaloid

Ptaquiloside

Bracken fern

MOA of oleander

Cardiotoxic by inhibiting Na/K ATPase

Glucosinolate (thiocyanate glycosides)

Brassica Soybean Flax

MOA of japaese yew?

Cardiotoxic GI

Phytoestrogens

White clover Alfalfa

Colchicine

Glory lily Climbing lily

Pyridine alkaloid

Tobacco plant

Effects of soluble oxalates?

Hypocalcemia Kidney damage

Antidote for sweet clover

Vitamin K1

Effects of Oak tree?

Ruminants - GI and kidney Monogastrics - GI only

What plant causes aplastic anemia and tumors in the urinary tract?

Bracken fern

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Rattlebox Ragwort

Cardiac glycoside

Oleander

MOA of black/american nightshade?

GI CNS Respiratory Cardiac

Plant that causes vasoconstriction in the uterus causing abortion in cattle

Ponderosa pine

Which plant will precipitate toxicosis with copper?

Rattlebox

MOA of Ergot?

Vasoconstriction and gangrene Uterine contraction -\> abortion

Cyanogenic glycosides

Johnsongrass sudan grass Sorghum Elderberry Wild cherries

Tannic acid

Oak tree

Spicific antidote for poisonous mushrooms?

Atropine

Diterpine alkaloids

Larkspur Monkshade

Clinical signs of day blooming jassamine?

Lameness due to calcification of joints

Clinical signs of cocoa/coffee?

Convulsive seizures Tremors Tachycardia Urination

MOA of locoweed/milkvetches

Peripheral neuronal degeneration and vacuolation

MOA of cyanogenic glycosides

Inhibit cytochrome oxidase and cellular respiration Neuronal degeneration (chronic) Antithyroid

MOA/effect of St. John's wort?

Primary photosensitization

What species is resistant to Lantana/yellow sage?

Horses

MOA of coffee senna?

Purgative Skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration **Coffee colored urine due to myoglobinuria** Kidney damage

Muscarine

Poisonous mushroom

Antidote for Jimsonweed/devil's trumpet/angel's trumpet?

Physostigmine

Solanine and solanidine alkaloid

Black nightshade American nightshade

Plant Bullshit Flashcards

(77 cards)