Plant defences- chemical active

Question 1

What chemical hydrolyses chitin in fungal cell walls

Answer 1

Chitinases

Question 2

What chemical includes tannins which kill insect vectors to prevent spread

Answer 2

Phenols

Question 3

What chemical is scented antibacterial and anti fungal properties

Answer 3

Terpenoids

Question 4

What chemical affects taste in animals to prevent feeding

Answer 4

Alkaloids

Question 5

What chemical inhibits protein channels in cell membranes of pathogens

Answer 5

Defensive proteins

Question 6

What are terpenoids and example

Answer 6

Essential oils with bacteria and anti fungal properties such as menthols

Question 7

What are phenols

Answer 7

Antibiotic/ anti fungal properties
Which stop insect growth and causes their death preventing vector transmission

Question 8

Example of phenols

Answer 8

Tannins in bark
-inhibit insect attack by binding to and deactivating salivary and digestive enzymes like trypsin and chymotrypsin

Question 9

What are alkaloids

Answer 9

Nitrogen containing compounds like caffeine, nicotine, cocaine which taste bitter to stop herbivore feeding

Question 10

What are alkaloids involved in

Answer 10

-Inhibition/ activation of enzymes in metabolic pathways
-can inhibit protein synthesis and less feeding so less plant damage so less chance for pathogen entry

Question 11

What are defensive proteins

Answer 11

Cyteine rich proteins with anti microbial activity and act on molecules in pathogens cell membranes inhibiting ion transport

Question 12

Where are hydrolysis enzymes found

Answer 12

Found in spaces between cells

Question 13

What hydrolyses glycosidic bonds in glucans (component of bacterial fungal cell wall)

Answer 13

Glucanases

Question 14

What chemical degrades chemicals bacteria cell wall

Answer 14

Lysozyme