Plant Growth & Differentiation Flashcards
(44 cards)
what is growth and differentiation meaning
Growth: increasing in size
• Differentiation:cell specialization for functions
what is Apical meristems growth
-has actively dividing cells
-responsible for primary growth
-at top of root
what is Lateral meristems growth
actively dividing cells
-produce secondary growth
-increases width of plant)
what is primary growth
Increases length of plant shoot or root
• Cells divide by mitosis and lengthen then differentiate
when does secondary growth happed and what is produced
- happens in woody species after first year
• Secondary tissues produced
• Ex. vascular cambium, cork cambium
how do plants detect changes in light conditions
• Photoreceptors detect changes in light and signal plant to change its growth or development
what is Photoperiodism:?
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Photoperiodism: plant’s response to changes in day length
what are Short-day plants
flower when the days are short
what are long day plants
flowers when there are 12 h or more of day light
what are day neutral plants
plants not affected by day length
what do plants make from from inorganic substances
• Plants make carbohydrates, fats and proteins from
inorganic substances called macronutrients and
micronutrients
what are macro nutrients? and examples
Macronutrients: plant nutrients needed in large
oh my God, you’re so weird quantities such as N, P, K
what can a deficiency of macro nutrients lead to?
can leads to nitrogen or magnesium deficiency can lead to chlorosis (yellowing of older leaves )
what are Micronutrients
plant nutrients needed in small quantities such as B,
Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn,, Ni, Zn(every other element )
what are micronutrients needed for
These are needed for chlorophyll synthesis, cell division and enzyme
productio
why do plants have Plants have optimal temperature range
for cellular processes
what does temperature control in stomata
controls opening and closing of stomata
which helps control transpiration
what is Timing of seed germination and flowering affected by
temperature
what did climate change causes plants to do
can cause flowering to occur 5 days earlier
what are three important roles of soil
• 1. Provides medium for roots to anchor;
• 2. It retains water/nutrients;
• 3. Provides roots with air
what happens to Soil that has too much sand do
soil looses water quickly and plant can drown
what is humus in soil and what does. it contain
decomposed organisms that contain nitrogen
Chemicals allow plants to modify their…
growth and differentiation
what is phototropism?
change in direction of a growing plant in
response to light. Occurs due to factor released from the tip of the plant
