plants Flashcards
(35 cards)
what are advantages of plant living on land?
greater availability of light
O2 and CO2 diffuses faster in air vs water
Disadvantages of plants living on land
risk of dehydration
Difficult for gametes to meet sexual reproduction
What system do the plants use?
Vascular system consists of roots leaves and stems
what does the root do?
Penetrate soil to anchor plant and reach water sources
what does the root do?
Penetrate soil to anchor plant and reach water sources
what do the leaves do?
Provide more surface area for photosynthesis
What do the stems do?
Rigid tissues that raise and support leaves so they are exposed to sunlight
What is pollen?
waterproof structures that contain male gametes
Carried to female plants by wind, insect pollination, and other animals
what do seeds consist of ? and what are they like in bad conditions?
Consist of embryo food, waterproof coat
Remain dormant in bad conditions like drought freezing fire
what is the cell structure of plants
multicellular eukaryotes cell walls with cellulose
What is the mode of nutrition of plants?
Autotroph’s, photosynthesis
can plants locomote and how do they reproduce?
They can’t locomote
Reproduces asexually or sexually
explain non vascular plants vascular tissues
how they transport nutrients
how do they grow
why is water needed
Absence of or poorly developed vascular
tissues for transporting nutrients
• Transport of nutrients through diffusion or osmosis
• Grow close to ground to get water and
nutrients
• Water needed for gametes to meet
explain seedless vascular plants
how do they reproduces
and how do they increase
Presence of vascular tissues like stems,
roots and leaves for transporting
• Reproduce via spores, which needs water for gametes to meet
• Vascular tissues allow plants to
increase size
explain seed bearing vascular plants
and how do they reproduce
Have vascular tissues for transporting nutrients
• Reproduce via seeds, which allows plants to reproduce sexually without water for gametes to meet
explain gymnosperms
– Non-flowering
– Less abundant
– Produce seeds in cones
“Naked seed” – not surrounded by fruit
– E.g. Conifers, cycads
explain angiosperms
– Flowering
– More abundant
– Produce seeds in flowers
– Seeds have a case or pod (fruit)
how many specialized structures can seeds of angiosperms have and what. are they called
1 or 2 specialized structures called COTYLEDONS
what do cotyledons do
in the seed and supply nutrients to plant embryo
what is a monocots
one cotyledon
one seed leaf
ex grasses , banana, palms
what is a dicot
two cotyledons
two seed leaves
ex lettuce, tomatoes
how do monocots look
one cotyledons
fibrous roots
parallel Viens in leaves
flower parts in multiple of 3
vascular seeds are scattered
how do dicots look
two cotyledons
tap roots
net like viens in leaves
flowers in 4 or 5s
vascular seeds in a ring
angiosperm reproductions steps
• Animal or wind passes pollen to stigma
Pollen grains compete to grow pollen tubes in ovules in ovary
• Fertilization occurs
• Zygote forms and develops into embryo
• Case covers embryo + food to form seed
• Fruit = mature ovary
• Animals eat fruit and disperse seeds everywhere
