Plant morphology and physiology

Question 1

two types of plants

Answer 1

a. herbaceous
b. woody

Question 2

types of plants according to their length survival:

Answer 2

a. annuals
b. biennials
c. perrenials

Question 3

are herbaceous plants that grow, reproduce, and die in 1 year or season

Answer 3

annuals

Question 4

_____ are example of corn, geranium, and marigold

Answer 4

Annuals

Question 5

take 2 years to complete their life cycles

Answer 5

Biennials

Question 6

biennials produce extra _____ which they store and use during the second year.

Answer 6

carbohydrates

Question 7

examples of biennials

Answer 7

carrot and cabbage

Question 8

are woody or herbaceous plants that live for more than 2 years

Answer 8

Perennials

Question 9

anchors the plant soil; absorbs and transports minerals and water; stores food

Answer 9

root system

Question 10

made up of stems, leaves, and adptations for reproduction.

Answer 10

shoot system

Question 11

three types of tissue system

Answer 11

a. dermal tissue
b. vascular tissue
c. ground tissue

Question 12

three primary meristems

Answer 12

Ground meristem, protoderm, pro cambium

Question 13

Give rise to ground tissue

Answer 13

ground meristem

Question 14

Give rise to “skin” coverings

Answer 14

Protoderm

Question 15

Give rise to plumbing of the plant

Answer 15

Procambium

Question 16

Secondary growth; add girth (width) by producing wood and bark

Answer 16

Latteral meristems

Question 17

reason why grass keeps growing back after you cut it; add to the plants length

Answer 17

intercalary meristems

Question 18

Components: Epidermis and peridermis

Answer 18

dermal tissue system

Question 19

Components: parenchyma tissue, collenchyma tissue, sclerenchyma tissue

Answer 19

Ground tissue system

Question 20

Components: xylem tissue and phloem tissue

Answer 20

vascular tissue system

Question 21

Functions: protection, prevention of water loss

Answer 21

dermal tissue system

Question 22

Functions: photosynthesis, food storage, regeneration, support, protection

Answer 22

Ground tissue system

Question 23

Functions: Transport of water, minerals, and food

Answer 23

vascular tissue system

Question 24

a functional unit connecting all of the plant’s organs; Each ____ system is continuous throughout the entire plant.

Answer 24

tissue system

Question 25

plant's outer protective covering

Answer 25

dermal tissue system

Question 26

dermal tissue contains:

Answer 26

epidermis and cuticle

Question 27

a waxy substance that prevents water loss

Answer 27

cuticle

Question 28

the outermost layer of cells covering a woody stem or root-that is, the outer bark that replaces epidermis when it is destroyed during secondary growth

Answer 28

periderm

Question 29

tissue system that conducts materials throughout the plant body.

Answer 29

vascular tissue system

Question 30

water conducting tissue

Answer 30

xylem

Question 31

food conducting tissue

Answer 31

phloem

Question 32

the conducting cells in xylem are:

Answer 32

tracheids and vessel elements

Question 33

bigger hole

Answer 33

vessel element

Question 34

small hole

Answer 34

tracheids

Question 35

All of the tissues of the plant body other than the vascular tissues and the dermal tissues; it accounts for most of the bulk of a young plant, filling the spaces between the epidermis and vascular tissue system

Answer 35

Ground tissue system

Question 36

photosynthesis, storage and secretion; have thin primary cell walls

Answer 36

Parenchyma tissue

Question 37

is a flexible tissue hat provides much support in soft, non-woody plants organs; allow plants to grow upward

Answer 37

collenchyma tissue

Question 38

structural support; have both primary cell walls and thick secondary walls

Answer 38

sclerenchyma tissue

Question 39

two types of cells in sclerenchyma tissue:

Answer 39

sclereids and fibers

Question 40

roots, stems, leaves, flower parts, and fruits are called:

Answer 40

The plant organs

Question 41

Generally grow downward, in the direction of gravity

Answer 41

roots

Question 42

the embryonic root is called

Answer 42

radicle

Question 43

tap root

Answer 43

dicot

Question 44

fibrous root

Answer 44

monocot

Question 45

via cell walls and spaces between cells; stopped by Casparian strip

Answer 45

Extracellular route

Question 46

via cell interiors, through plasmodesmata

Answer 46

intracellular route

Question 47

underground organ that undergoes modifications during tis development to store nutrients

Answer 47

storage roots

Question 48

are modified adventitious roots that grown downward to provide support to the heavy branches

Answer 48

prop roots

Question 49

are large, wide roots on all sides of a shallowly rooted tree; they may prevent the tree from falling over

Answer 49

buttress roots

Question 50

roots that grow vertically upwards to get oxygen for respiration by plants growing in swampy areas

Answer 50

pneumatophores

Question 51

modified root of parasitic plants that penetrates into a host plant

Answer 51

haustorial roots

Question 52

are responsible movement of the underground shoot part of the plant

Answer 52

contractile root

Question 53

roots above the ground. they are almost adventitious.

Answer 53

aerial roots

Question 54

link a plant's root to its leaves; are either herbaceous or woody

Answer 54

stems

Question 55

most water that a plant absorbs is transpired through _____ into the atmosphere.

Answer 55

stomata

Question 56

a horizontal underground stem that often serves as a storage organ and a means of asexual reproduction

Answer 56

rhizome

Question 57

climbing stem; weak-stemmed plants

Answer 57

veins

Question 58

rounded, fleshy underground bud

Answer 58

bulbs

Question 59

a short, thickened underground stem

Answer 59

corm

Question 60

an aerial horizontal stem with long internodes

Answer 60

stolon