Plant reproduction

Question 1

Define asexual reproduction

Answer 1

The reproduction of offspring from one parent, No gametes are required

Question 2

sexual reproduction

Answer 2

The reproduction of offspring from two parents gametes are involved

Question 3

What is the similarity between a sex. & sex. reproduction? (2)

Answer 3

increase the number of individuals within a population√ and allows
continued existence of the species√.

Question 4

List the advantages & disadvantages of asex. reproduction

Answer 4

Since only one individual is needed, the advantages are:
 It is fast because…..
 No gametes are needed and…..
 Therefore less energy is required

However, the disadvantage is that:
 There are no variations amongst the offspring√ so…
 If the environment changes, the population cannot adapt√ and will
most likely die out

Question 5

List the advantages and disadvantages of sex. reproduction

Answer 5

Since it involves two individuals, the disadvantages are:
 It is more time consuming because.....
 Gametes are needed as well as.....
 Fertilisation and gestation which.....
 Requires energy

However, the advantage is that:
 There are variations amongst the offspring√ so…
 If the environment changes, the population can adapt√ and will most
likely not die out

Question 6

Tabulate the differences between asexual and sexual

reproduction.

Answer 6

Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction
1- Fast Slow
2- Requires no gametes Requires gametes
3- Requires less energy Requires more energy
4- No variations amongst offspring Variations amongst the offspring
5- If environment changes, the
population cannot adapt
If environment changes, population can adapt

Question 7

Ovule

Answer 7

The organ that forms female gametes and that develops into a seed
after fertilisation.

Question 8

Ovary

Answer 8

Produces the female gametes called ovules.

Question 9

Style

Answer 9

The stalk that supports the stigma and connects it to the ovary. It is
where pollen tubes are formed to deliver sperm cells to the ovule.

Question 10

Stigma

Answer 10

The sticky tip of the style to which pollen grains adhere to/where

pollen grains collect.

Question 11

Carpel (pisil)

Answer 11

Female part of the flower consisting of the stigma, style and ovary.

Question 12

Anther

Answer 12

Produces male gametes called pollen grains.

Question 13

Filament

Answer 13

The stalk-like structure that attaches to the base of the flower and

supports the anther.

Question 14

Stamen

Answer 14

Male parts of the flower consisting of an anther and a filament.

Question 15

Sepal

Answer 15

Protects the unopened flower.

Question 16

Petal

Answer 16

Usually brightly coloured to attract insects.

Question 17

Pollination

Answer 17

The transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of a flower

Question 18

Cross pollination

Answer 18

the transfer of pollen from anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower

Question 19

Self pollination

Answer 19

The transfer of pollen from anther to a stigma of the same flower

Question 20

Fertilization

Answer 20

Fertilisation – the fusion of the male and the female gametes. In plants
pollen grains divide to form sperm which fuse with ovules, in the ovary, to form seeds.

Question 21

internal fertilization

Answer 21

sperm and ovum fuse inside the females body

Question 22

external fertilizations

Answer 22

sperm and fuse outside the females body

Question 23

Summarise Sexual reproduction

Answer 23

1- Pollination – the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.
2- A pollen grain starts to grow if it lands on the stigma. A pollen tube grows through the style until it reaches the ovule inside the ovary.
3- Sperm inside the pollen grain then passes along the pollen tube and fuses with the ovule. This process is called fertilisation.

Question 24

describe when ovules develop into seeds and the ovary

into fruit.

Answer 24

After fertilisation, the female parts of the flower ovary develop into a fruit and the ovules become seeds.