Plant Reproduction Flashcards
(57 cards)
What is the function of the sepal
Protects the unopened flower
What is the function of the petals
May be brightly coloured to attract insects
What is the stamen
The male part of the flower, comprising an anther attached to a filament
What is the function of the anther
Produces the male sex cells (pollen)
What is the male sex cell
Pollen
What is the function of the stigma
The top of the female part of the flower, which is sticky and collects pollen grains
What is the function of the ovary
Produces the female sex cells (contained in the ovules)
What is the function of the receptacle
The part of a flower stalk where the parts of the flower are attached.
What is the function of the filament
Is the stalk that supports the anther
Petals are brightly coloured to attract ____________
Pollinators
What do nectaries produce and why
Nectar because it attracts and feeds bees
What are the streaks on the petals called
Nectar guides
What is the purpose of nectar guides
To attract pollinating insects to the nectaries
Name 3 features which would suggest that the flower is insect pollinated
Carpel on the inside Big, brightly coloured petals to attract insects Sticky stigma Big sticky pollen grains Scented flowers and nectaries
Pollination is when the pollen from the ________ of one flower sticks to the ________ of another flower
Anther
Stigma
Name 2 differences between a wind pollinated flower and an insect pollinated flower
Wind: Small dull petals
No nectaries or strong scents
A lot of small and light pollen grains
Long filaments that hang the anthers outside the plant so that pollen gets blown away by the wind
A large and feathery stigma to catch pollen as it’s carried away by the wind. Also often hangs outside
Insect: Petals are big and colourful
Scented flowers and nectaries to attract insects
Big, sticky pollen grains that stick to insects as they go from plant to plant
Sticky stigma so that any pollen picked up by insects on other plants will stick to it.
Fertilisation: The pollen grain lands on the __________ and a _________ _______ starts to grow. The pollen tube releases digestive _________ which help the tube grow down into the _________. It grows round into the _________________ (the opening in the ovary). The male nucleus travels down the pollen tube and into the ________. Here it fertilises the egg cell (______) nucleus
Stigma Pollen tube Enzymes Ovary Micropyle Ovule Ovum
Where is the female nucleus (egg) stored
Embryo sac
What is the function of the style
To support the stigma and connect it the ovary
Name 3 features which would suggest that the flower is wind pollinated
Small/dull petals No nectaries / strong scents Lots of pollen grains Long filaments which hang the anthers outside the flower Small and light pollen grains Large feathery stigma to catch pollen
Plants that are adapted to insect pollination will often have petals that are big and ______________ as well as scented flowers and nectaries to attract ___________. They have big, sticky ________ grains that stick to insects as they go from plant to plant. Finally they also have _______ stigma so that any pollen picked up by insects on other plants will stick it.
Colourful
Insects/pollinators
Pollen
Sticky
Are fruits and seeds are formed from the flowers or leaves
Flowers
When seeds are dried out they are they said to be dead or dormant
Dormant
What does the seed coat do
Protects the seed
