Plant tissues, organs and systems Flashcards
(32 cards)
Name the parts of the plant
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Name the tissues of a plant
Epidermal tissue
Palisade mesophyll tissue
Spongy mesophyll tissue
Phloem tissue
Xylem tissue
What does the Epidermal tissue do
The epidermal tissue covers plants and protects them.
What does the Palisade mesophyll tissue do
The Palisade mesophyll contains chloroplasts for photosythesis
What does the spongy mesophyll do
Spongy mesophyll contains some chloroplast but it has large air spaces for diffusion (to allow for gases to diffuse in and out of cells)
What type of tissues are xylem and phloem tissues
Xylem and phloem tissues are the transport tissues in plants
What does the xylem tissue do
Xylem carries water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves
What does the phloem tissue do
Phloem carries dissolved food from the leaves around the plant.
State the organs in a plant
Leaf, fruit, flower, stem and root are the organs in a plant
What do the root, stem and leaves form
The roots, stem and leaves form an organ system for the transport of substance around the plant.
Where is the meristem tissue found
Meristem tissue is found at the growing tips of roots and shoots
What does the meristem tissue do
The meristem tissue at the growing tips of roots and shoots is made up of rapidly dividing plant cells that grow and differentiate into all the other cell types needed.
Give the adaptation of the upper epidermis
The upper epidermis is transparent. This allows light to pass through to the photosynthetic cells below.
The upper epidermis is covered with a thin layer of oily material called the waxy cuticle. The waxy cuticle reduces the evaporation of water from the surface of the leaf. This helps to prevent the leaf from drying out.
Fill in gap
The lower epidermis has tiny pores called _____
What are the tiny pores found on the lower epidermis called
The lower epidermis has tiny pores called stomata
What do stomata do
Stomata allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and oxygen to leave
Stomata also help to control the amount of water vapour that can pass out of the leaf
Fill in the gap
On either side of the stomata there are _____
On either side of the stomata there are guard cells
What do the guard cells do
The guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomata.
Why are cells in the spongy mesophyll big
These cells have a big surface area for gas exchange
Why do many plant cells have many chloroplasts
Plant cells have many chloroplasts for photosynthesis
What do the epidermal cells often secrete
The epidermal cells often secrete a waxy substance that waterproofs the surface of the leaf.
Fill in the gap
Palisade mesophyll contains ______ cells
Palisade mesophyll contains palisade cells
What is the adaptation of palisade cells
Palisade cells are packed full of chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which absorbs the light energy needed for photosynthesis
What is the key feature of the spongy mesophyll
The spongy mesophyll is full of air spaces.
The air spaces allow carbon dioxide to diffuse from the stomata through the spongy mesophyll to the palisade cells.
Oxygen also diffuses from the palisade cells through the spongy mesophyll to the stomata
What is translocation
Translocation is the movement of dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant
