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BIS 2C > Plantae > Flashcards

Plantae Flashcards

Learn vocabulary and concepts associated with plants

1
Q

Accessory fruit

A

Fruit formed from part of the tissues outside the ovary

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2
Q

Aggregate fruit

A

One flower with several independent carpels
(blackberry, rasberry)

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3
Q

Alkaloid

A

Secondary Metabolite Caffeine, nicotine, quinine

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4
Q

Anther

A

Part of stamen that produces and contains pollen

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5
Q

Antheridia

A

Structures that produce sperm

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6
Q

Apical meristems

A

Region of cells capable to division and growth in the root/shoot tips in plants

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7
Q

Archegonia

A

Structured that produce eggs

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8
Q

Auxin

A

Hormones important in root intiation (root growth) and directional growth

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9
Q

Bifacial vascular cambium

A

Tissues that promote wider plant growth
Found in secondary growth organisms

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10
Q

Carpel

A

Female reproductive organ of a flowering plant

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11
Q

Central cell

A

The middle and largest cell in the multicellular haploid female ovule

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12
Q

Chlorophyll

A

Green pigment in chloroplast that participates in photosynthesis light retrieval

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13
Q

Collenchyma

A

Provide structure to plant
Primary cell wall but tougher (still flexible)

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14
Q

Companion cell

A

A living cell that is partnered with a sieve tube in assisting with function of plant in phloemw

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15
Q

Determinate growth

A

Growth in which the structure has a set growth and form (leaves of plant)

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16
Q

Diploid

A

Two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism

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17
Q

Diploid fertilization

A

Fusion of two gametes through fertilization creating a diploid zygote

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18
Q

Embryo

A

Early stage in the development of eukaryotes

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19
Q

Filament

A

A stalk that suports the pollen bearing anther

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20
Q

Flower

A

Combination of reproductive and nonreproductive whorls

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21
Q

Fruit

A

A fleshy or ripened ovary of a flowering plant enclosing the seed(s)

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22
Q

Gametangia

A

An organ or cell in which gametes are produced

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23
Q

Gametes

A

A reproductive cell of an animal/plant

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24
Q

Gametophyte

A

Gamete-producing and usually haploid phase producing the zygote

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25
Q

Gibberellins

A

Hormones specifically for stem elongation and fruit growth

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26
Q

Haploid

A

A single set of unpaired chromosomes (n)

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27
Q

Heterospory

A

Modification where there are two sizes of spore
Develop into diff gametophyte
More specialization and greater dispersal

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28
Q

Homospory

A

Only one size of spore produced
One gametophyte

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29
Q

Hydroids

A

Evolved tissues for conducting water in endohydric organisms

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30
Q

Leptoids

A

Evolved tissues for conducting sugars in endohydric organisms

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31
Q

Indeterminate growth

A

Growth that occurs all throughout the life of the organism (stem of plants)

32
Q

Integuments

A

Envelope structure surrounding the nucleus within the ovule

33
Q

Lateral meristems

A

Regions with cells found at the margins of stems and roots focusing on expanding width

34
Q

Megagametophyte

A

Gametophyte that produces only female gametes (egg)

35
Q

Megaphyll

A

Large vascularized leaves
Primary organ photosynthesis

36
Q

Megaspore

A

Larger spore in heterosporous plants that is female gametophyte

37
Q

Meiosis

A

Always results in a reduction of ploidy (division)

38
Q

Meristem cells

A

Undifferentiated cells that can develop into different plant tissures

39
Q

Microgametophyte

A

Gametophyte that produces only male gametes (sperm)

40
Q

Microphyll

A

Leaves that have a single bundle of vascular tissue
Evolved from sporangia

41
Q

Microspore

A

Smaller spore in heterosporous plants that is male gametophyte

42
Q

Mitosis

A

Results in no change of ploidy (replication)

43
Q

Multiple fruit

A

Fruits are the result of fusion of many flower with own carpel
(pineapple)

44
Q

Nodes

A

Collection of meristematic tissue
Where leaves branch off
Only on stems

45
Q

Ovary

A

Part of the female reproductive organ of the flower (holds ovule)

46
Q

Ovule

A

Organ that forms the seeds of the flowering plants

47
Q

Parenchyma

A

Are bulk of metabolism
Primary cell wall

48
Q

Petal

A

Floral part that fuctions as a visual element to attract pollinators

49
Q

Phloem

A

Vascular tissue that transports sugars

50
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

Cell to cell junctions

51
Q

Pollen

A

Deliver sperm to egg

52
Q

Pome

A

Accessory fruit

53
Q

Primary Growth

A

Adds length (apical meristem)

54
Q

Rhizome

A

Underground stem (ferns)

55
Q

Root

A

Part of plant that attaches it to the ground for support and nourishment

56
Q

Root hairs

A

Extension of root cells that are important for acquiring nutriensts and plant anchorage

57
Q

Sclerenchyma

A

Dead at maturity (lignin)
Structure

58
Q

Secondary growth

A

Adds width (lateral meristem)

59
Q

Secondary metabolite

A

Compounds produced by plants that are not part of growth, development, or reproduction

60
Q

Seed

A

Fertilized, mature ovule that has an embryo, nutritive tissue, and a seed coat

61
Q

Sepal

A

Outer parts of the flower that enclose and protect flower bud

62
Q

Sieve tube

A

Maintaining cells and transport in phloem
LIVING CELLS

63
Q

Sori

A

Clusters of sporangia

64
Q

Sporangium

A

The cap of a stalked sporophyte in mosses

65
Q

Spore

A

A unit of reproduction that is adapted for survival/dispersal

66
Q

Sporophyte

A

Multicellular diploid stage found in plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations
Produced haploid spores through meiosis

67
Q

Stamen

A

Male fertilizing organ of flower with anther and filament

68
Q

Stomata

A

Small pores in leaf of plant that facilitates exchange of gases

69
Q

Stroma

A

Liquid inside chloroplast

70
Q

Terpene

A

Aromatic compounds found in many plants

71
Q

Thylakoid

A

Flattened sacs inside chloroplast which light reactions of photosynthesis take place

72
Q

Tracheid

A

Tubular cell in xylem of plant
(made of Lignin DEAD)

73
Q

Trichome

A

Serve as extensions of plant which help with development
(DERMAL tissues)

74
Q

Vessel element

A

An elongated, water conducting cell present in the xylem (DEAD)

75
Q

Waxy cuticle

A

Waxy covering on the surface of many plant organs
Land plants

76
Q

Xylem

A

Vascular tissue which transports water throughout the plant

77
Q

Zygote

A

A diploid cell resulting from fertilization of two gametes

BIS 2C (6 decks)

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