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Plants By Toxin Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

Insoluble calcium oxalate

A 
Chinese evergreen (aglaonema)
Elephant’s ear (alocacia) 
Flamingo plant (anthurium)
Jack-in-the-pulpit (arisaema triphyllum)
Cuckoo-pint (arum maculatum)
Caladium 
Dumcane varieties (dieffenbachia)
Pothos/Devil’s ivy (epipremnum)
Swiss cheese plant (monstera) 
Philodendron 
Peace lily (spathiphyllum) 
Skunk cabbage (sympolocarpus foetidus)
Arrowhead vine (sngonium podophyllum)
Calla lily/arum lily (zantedeschia oethiopica)
Umbrella tree (schlefflera)
Fishtail palm (caryota mitis)
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2
Q

Soluble oxalate

A 
Halogeton
Greasewood (sarcobatus vermiculatus) 
Pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus)
Beet (beta vulgaris)
Lamb’s quarters (chenopodium album)
Rhubarb (rheum rhaponiticum)
Sorrel and soursop (oxalis) 
Purslane (portulacca oleracea)
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3
Q

Isocupressic acid

A 
Ponderosa pine (pinus pondsdosa)
Monterey cypress (cupressus macrocarpus)
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4
Q

Quinone

A

St. John’s wort (hypericum perforatum)

Buckwheat (fagopyrun esculentum)

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5
Q

Tannic acid

A 
Oak tree (quercus) 
Pride of Barbados (caesalpinia)
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6
Q

Titerpene acid

A

Yellow sage (lantana camara)

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7
Q

Colchicine

A

Autumn crocus/ meadow saffron (colchicum autumnale)

Glory lily/climbing lily (gloriosa superb)

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8
Q

Diterpene alkaloid

A

Larkspur/delphinium (delphinium)

Monkshade/aconite (aconitum)

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9
Q

Ergot alkaloid

A

Ergot (claviceps purpurea)

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10
Q

Indolizidine alkaloid/swainsonine

A

Locoweed (astragalus)

Milkvetch (oxytropis)

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11
Q

Lycorine

A 
Narcissus 
Kaffir lily (clivia)
Spider lily (hymenocallis caribaea) 
Barbados lily/fire lily (hippeastrum)
Zephyr lily/rain lily (zephyranthes) 
River lily (crinum bulbispermum)
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12
Q

Muscarine

A

Poisonous mushroom (amanita muscaria)

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13
Q

Piperidine alkaloid

A 
Poison hemlock/spotted hemlock/California of Nebraska fern (conium masculatum)
Lupines (lupinus) 
Tobacco (nicotiana tabaccum)
Tree tobacco (nicotiana gluca)
Coyte tobacco (nicotiana attenuata)
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14
Q

Pyridine alkaloids

A

Tobacco (nicotiana tabaccum)
Tree tobacco (nicotiana gluca)
Lobelia

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15
Q

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid

A

Rattlebox/crotolaria (crotolaria)

Senecio/groundsel/ragwort (senecio)

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16
Q

Solanine and solanidine alkaloids

A 
Black nightshade (solanum niger)
American nightshade (solanum americanun) 
Eggplant (solanum melongena)
Tomato (lycopersicon)
Turkey berry (solanum torvum)
Chalice vine (solandra guttota) 
Chinese lantern (physalis)
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17
Q

Taxine alkaloids

A

Japanese yew (taxus)

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18
Q

Tropane alkaloids

A

Jimsonweed, thornapple, angel’s trumpet (datura stranonium)
Devil’s trumpet (datura metel)
Angel’s trumpet (brugmansia)
Henbane (hyoscyamus)

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19
Q

Xanthine alkaloids

A

Cocoa (theobroma cocao)

Coffee (coffee arabica)

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20
Q

Anthraquinone

A

Cáscara sagrada (rhamnus purshiana DC)
Buckthorn (rhamnus)
Coffee weed/senna/aloe (senna occidentalis)

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21
Q

Calcinogenic glycoside

A 
Day-blooming jessamine (cestrum diurnum) 
Turkey berry (solanum torvum)
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22
Q

Carboxy-atractyloside

A

Cocklebur (xanthium strumarium)

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23
Q

Cardiac glycoside

Study These Flashcards
A 
Foxglove (digitalis purpurea)
Oleander (nerium oleander) 
Yellow oleander/lucky nut/be-still tree (thevetia peruviana)
Squil (ureginea maritima)
Lily of The Valley (convallaria majalis)
Milkweed (asclepias)
Kallanchoe
24
Q

Coumarin glycoside

Study These Flashcards
A

Sweet clover (melilotus officinalis)

25
Cyanogenic glycosides
Wild cherries (prunus) Johnson grass/Sudan grass/sorghum (sorghum) Elderberry (sambucus canadensis)
26
Cycasin
``` Sago palm (cycas circinalis) Japanese cycad (cycas revoluta) Cardboard palm (Zamia) Coontie (Zamia pulmila) ```
27
Glucossinolate
Cabbage/kale/broccoli/turnip (brassica) Soybean (glycine) Flax (linum)
28
Nitropropanol glycoside
Milkvetch (astragalus) Violets (viola) Lotus (lotus) Indigo (indigofera)
29
Phytoestrogens
``` White clover (trifolium repens) Subterranean clover (trifolium subterraneum) Alfalfa (medicago sativa) ```
30
Protoanemonin
Anemone Ranunculus Clematis Hellborus
31
Ptaquiloside
Bracken fern (pteridium aquilinum)
32
Steroidal saponins
Agave (agave lechugilla) Beargrass (nolina) Panicum
33
Gossypol
Cottonseed (gossypium)
34
Molybdenum
Molybdenum ... lolz
35
Copper
Clovers
36
Selenium
``` Aster Woody aster (xylorrhiza) Princess’s plume (stanlyea) Milkvetch (astragalus) Golden wood (onopsis) Paintbrush (castilleja) Saltbrush (atriplex) Alfalfa (medicago sativa) Sorghum ```
37
Nitrate
``` Pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus) Oats (avena sativa) Johnson grass/sudan grass/milo (sorghum) Corn/maize (Zea mays) Beets (beta vulgaris) Lamb’s quarters (chenopodium album) Sweet clover (melilotus officinalis) Alfalfa (medicago sativa) Wheat (triticum aestivum) Sunflower (helianthus annuus) ```
38
Dimethyl disulfide
Mustards (brassica)
39
Diterpene esters
``` Cat tail/chenille plant (acalphya hispida) Croton (codiaeum variegatum) Candelabra cactus (euphorbia lacta) Crown of thorns (euphorbia milii var splendens) Poinsettia (euphorbia pulcherrima) Pencil tree (euphorbia tirucalli) Manchineel (hippomane manchinella) Sandbox tree (hura crepitans) Physicnut (jatropha curcas) Wild physicnut (jatropha gossypifolia) ```
40
Grayanotoxins
Azalea (rhododendron) Mountain laurel/sheep laurel/sheep kill (kalmia) Japanese pieris/mountain pieris (pieris) Dog hobble/dog laurel/Black laurel (leucothoe) Maleberry/fetter bush/ staggerbush (Lyonia)
41
Lectin
``` Castor bean (ricinus communis) Precatory bean (abrus precatorius) Coral plant (jatropha crucas) Sandbox tree (hura crepitans) Black locust (rhobina pseudoacacia) Soybean/navy bean/ pinto bean/kidney bean (beans!) Chinaberry (Melia azedarrach) ```
42
Propyl disulfide
Onion/garlic/leeks/chives (alium)
43
Tetradymol
Horse brush (tetradymia)
44
Thiaminase
``` Horsetail (equisetum hyemale) Bracken fern (pteridium aquilinum) ```
45
Triterpenoid saponins
``` Alfalfa (medicago sativa) English holly/Christmas holly (ilex aquifolim) American holly (ilex opaca) English ivy/common ivy (hendra helix) Pokeweed/inkberry (phyrolacca americana) ```
46
Alsike clover and red clover
Alsike and red clovers | Trifolium hybridum and trifolium pratense
47
Avacado
Avacado (presea americana)
48
Black walnut
Black walnut (juglans nigra)
49
Forage-induced photosensitization
Moldy alfalfa Red clover Moldy wheat
50
Grapes and raisins
Grapes and raisins (vitis)
51
Lily
``` Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum) Tiger lily (Lilium tigrinum) Japanese show lily (Lilium hybridum) Rubrum lily (Lilium rubrum) Lily hybrids (Lilium) Day lily (hemerocallis) ```
52
Pigweed
Redroot pigweed (amaranthus)
53
Red maple
Red maple (acer rubrum)
54
Senna
``` Coffee senna (senna occidentalis) Sicklepod (senna obtusifolia) ```
55
Yellow starthistle and Russian knapweed
``` Yellow starthistle (centaurea solstitialis) Russian knapweed (centaurea repens) ```
56
Macadamia nuts
Macadamia nuts (macadamia intergrifolia and tetraphylla)
57
Thorns, spines, stinging or irritating hair
Cactus family (cactaceae) Jimsonweed seed pods (datura stramonium) Cacklebur seed pods (xanthium strumarium)

Toxicology (3 decks)

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