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DHBS 365 > Plaque and Caries > Flashcards

Plaque and Caries Flashcards

1
Q

What is calcified plaque?

A

Calculus

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2
Q

What do communities of microorganisms attach to?

A

Biofilm

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3
Q

What does a biofilm do?

A

Protect against host defenses and antimicrobial agents, can make them more pathogenic

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4
Q

What is a key player in development of caries and periodontal disease?

A

Dental plaque/biofilm

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5
Q

What type of bacteria is a large proportion of resident oral flora?

A

Viridans Streptococci

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6
Q

What is a major bacterial species in saliva?

A

S. salivarius

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7
Q

What is pellicle?

A

Acidic glycoproteins from saliva form a film on tooth

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8
Q

Biofilm is colonized by that four Streptococcus species?

A
  • S. oralis
  • S. mitis
  • S. gordonii
  • S. sanguinis
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9
Q

What are the two types of dental plaque?

A

Supragingival and subgingival

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10
Q

What is dental plaque made up of?

A

Firmly attached growth of bacteria and matrix/biofilm

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11
Q

What is the definition of an early colonizer?

A

Initial predominant bacteria that colonize the pellicle surface

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12
Q

What type of bacteria are early colonizers (gram staining and aerobe type)?

A
  • Gram positive
  • Facultative anaerobic
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13
Q

What are the two species that are early colonizers?

A
  • Actinomyces spp
  • Oral streptococci
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14
Q

What type of bacteria live in an aerobic environment?

A

Gram positive facultative anaerobic species

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15
Q

What type of bacteria live in a highly oxygen deprived environment?

A

Gram negative anaerobic microorganisms

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16
Q

What is the definition of dysbiosis?

A

Transition of polymicrobical community from largely gram positive commensal microbes to a gram negative enriched inflammogenic community

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17
Q

What is the definition of a secondary colonizer?

A

If plaque continues to form, it attracts other bacteria to adhere to the bacterial matrix

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18
Q

What are three gram negative secondary colonizers?

A
  • Prevotella intermedia
  • Capnocytophaga spp
  • Fusobacterium nucleatum
19
Q

What is an example of a late colonizer species?

A

Porphyromonas gingivitis

20
Q

What is a keystone pathogen in the pathogenesis and progression of peritonitis?

A

Porphyromonas gingivitis

21
Q

What are some other microorganisms that may be in dental plaque?

A
  • Mycoplasma
  • Fungi
  • Protozoa
  • Viruses
22
Q

What is dental plaque made up of?

A
  • Proliferating bacteria
  • Host cells
  • Adherent intercellular matrix
23
Q

What is the inorganic component of plaque made out of?

A
  • Calcium
  • Phosphorus
  • Small amounts of magnesium, potassium and sodium
24
Q

Does early plaque have high or low inorganic content?

A

Low inorganic content

25
Does calculus have a low or high inorganic content?
High
26
What is the biofilm matrix made out of?
- Polysaccharides - Proteins - Other compounds
27
What is the first stage of biofilm formation?
Pellicle formation
28
What is the second stage of biofilm formation?
Bacterial attachment
29
What is the third stage of biofilm formation?
Colonization and multiplication
30
What is the fourth stage of biofilm formation?
Growth, increases in mass and thickness
31
What is the fifth stage of biofilm formation?
Maturation, intermicrobat matrix connects colonies
32
Are early colonizers gram positive or negative bacteria?
Gram positive
33
Are secondary colonizers gram positive or negative bacteria?
Gram negative
34
Are late colonizers gram positive or negative bacteria?
Gram negative
35
What is microbial adherence?
Binding of a microbe to an oral surface is a prerequisite for colonization
36
What are four specific subgingival organisms?
- Porphyromonas - Prevotella - Fusobacterium - Veillonella
37
What does subgingival plaque development increase?
- Cervicular fluid flow - Pocket epithelial turnover
38
What type of bacteria is tooth associated plaque?
Mainly gram positive filamentous bacteria with some gram negative cocci and rods
39
What is tooth associated plaque associated with?
- Calculus formation - Root caries - Root resorption
40
What is epithelium associated plaque?
Loosely adherent structure with one layer in contact with epithelial cells and other loose in the sulcular/pocket lumen
41
What type of bacteria is epithelium associated plaque?
Mainly gram negative rods and cocci
42
What does epithelium associated plaque lead to?
Development of periodontal disease
43

DHBS 365 (10 decks)

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