PME 245 Pop Quiz

Question 1

How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems?

. It forces the alveoli open and pushes oxygen across the alveolar membrane
It prevents alveolar collapse by pushing air into the lungs during inhalation.
It pushes thick, infected pulmonary secretions into isolated areas of the lung.
It decreases intrathoracic pressure, which allows more room for lung expansion.

Answer 1

. It forces the alveoli open and pushes oxygen across the alveolar membrane

Question 2

During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates:

secretions in the airway.
fluid in the alveoli.
swelling of the upper airway.
a lower airway obstruction.

Answer 2

a lower airway obstruction.

Question 3

In which of the following patients would the head tilt-chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway?

A 45-year-old male who is semiconscious after falling 20 feet
A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed
A 24-year-old male who is found unconscious at the base of a tree
A 50-year-old male who is unconscious following head trauma

Answer 3

A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed

Question 4

Which of the following patients should you place in the recovery position?

A 19-year-old conscious male with a closed head injury and normal respirations
A 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing
A 24-year-old unconscious female who overdosed and has a reduced tidal volume
A 40-year-old conscious female with a possible neck injury and regular respirations

Answer 4

A 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing

Question 5

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?

Pharynx
Bronchus
Larynx
Oropharynx

Answer 5

Bronchus

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?

The oxygen content in the alveoli is highest during the exhalation phase.
Blood that returns to the lungs from the body has low levels of carbon dioxide.
The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the capillaries.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries.

Answer 6

Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries.

Question 7

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?

An unconscious 52-year-old female with snoring respirations and cool, pale skin
A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin
A conscious female with facial cyanosis and rapid, shallow respirations
A conscious male with respirations of 18 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume

Answer 7

A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

Question 8

You are performing mouth-to-mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving?

75%
55%
65%
45%

Answer 8

55%

Question 9

What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly?

Minute volume increases because of a marked increase in both tidal volume and respiratory rate.
Air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange.
The majority of tidal volume reaches the lungs and diffuses across the alveolar-capillary membrane.
Air is forcefully drawn into the lungs due to the negative pressure created by the rapid respirations.

Answer 9

Air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange.

Question 10

Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse?

Twenty breaths/min being delivered to the adult
Decreased compliance when squeezing the bag
Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag
Consistently increasing heart rate

Answer 10

Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag