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PMHNP NMODELO Review MODULE 1 > PMHNP CC PART 4 > Flashcards

PMHNP CC PART 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Reactive Attachment Disorder characterized by?

A

Severe dysfunction in the early relationship between the caregiver and the child

Children in foster care may exhibit this disorder.

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2
Q

List some symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).

A
  • Excessive anxiety and worry
  • Difficulty controlling the worry
  • Restlessness
  • Easily fatigued
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Irritability
  • Muscle tension
  • Sleep disturbances
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3
Q

What defines a panic attack?

A

An abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes.

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4
Q

What medications are often prescribed for Panic Disorder?

A
  • SSRIs (e.g., Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil)
  • Propranolol (contraindicated in bronchospasm patients)
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5
Q

What are the key features of Anorexia Nervosa?

A
  • Low body mass index
  • Amenorrhea
  • Emaciation
  • Bradycardia
  • Hypotension
  • BMI less than 15 requires hospitalization
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6
Q

What neurotransmitters are involved in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

A
  • Glutamate
  • GABA
  • Serotonin
  • Norepinephrine
  • Dopamine
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7
Q

What does the Broken Mirror Theory suggest?

A

Autism spectrum disorders may be due to dysfunction in the brain’s mirror neuron system.

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8
Q

What is a common condition during puberty related to breast swelling in boys?

A

Typically resolves within six months.

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9
Q

What are signs of lead poisoning?

A
  • Developmental delays
  • Learning difficulties
  • Irritability
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue
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10
Q

True or False: Cognitive distortions can contribute to mental health issues.

A

True

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11
Q

What is the aim of cognitive therapy?

A

To replace negative distortions with positive thoughts.

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12
Q

What is the key concept behind Family System Therapy?

A

Triangles, or triangulations, refer to a three-person relationship system.

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13
Q

What is a significant risk factor for osteoporosis?

A
  • Smoking
  • Excessive caffeine consumption
  • Insufficient weight-bearing exercise
  • Lack of a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
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14
Q

What characterizes Subcortical Dementia?

A

Motor symptoms including lack of coordination, tremors, ataxia, and dystonia.

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15
Q

What is the primary focus of Strategic Therapy?

A

Problem-focused and solution-focused interventions.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The principle that allows patients to leave against medical advice is called _______.

A

Habeas corpus

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17
Q

What does CBT stand for?

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

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18
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Regulatory functions including appetite, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms.

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19
Q

What is the treatment recommendation for MDD vs. Dementia?

A

MDD typically has an acute onset while dementia shows a history of gradual cognitive decline.

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20
Q

What is the purpose of reflective practice?

A

To analyze unsuccessful results and enhance future performance.

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21
Q

What is the objective of Multisystemic Family Therapy (MST)?

A

Minimize obstacles hindering families from getting help.

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22
Q

What are key elements of mindfulness meditation?

A
  • Brings you to the present
  • Techniques of breath awareness
  • Awareness of body sensations, thoughts, or sounds
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23
Q

What does the acronym WHAT HEC stand for?

A

Water balance, Hunger, Appetite, Temperature, Hormones, sEX/libido, Circadian rhythm.

24
Q

What is the role of the amygdala?

A

Responsible for aggression, fear, anxiety, emotions, and sense of smell.

25
What does the term enmeshment refer to?
A relationship involving unclear personal boundaries between individuals.
26
What is a common symptom of delirium?
Acute disturbance of level of consciousness, cognition, and attention.
27
What is acupuncture used for?
Pain and depression ## Footnote Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves inserting needles into specific points on the body to alleviate pain and depression.
28
What does habeas corpus protect?
Patients against unlawful hospitalization ## Footnote Habeas corpus is a legal principle that allows patients to leave against medical advice.
29
What is disseminated encephalomyelitis?
A neurological disorder characterized by inflammation in the brain and spinal cord ## Footnote This condition damages myelin and can cause symptoms like paresthesia, weakness, and fatigue.
30
What are the components of a PICOT question?
* Populations/problem * Intervention * Comparison * Outcome * Times ## Footnote PICOT questions are used to formulate research questions in evidence-based practice.
31
What is the highest level of evidence in research?
Systematic review or meta-analysis ## Footnote This type of evidence is crucial for making changes in clinical practice.
32
How can commitment to policy implementation be enhanced?
By highlighting its role in elevating patient care standards ## Footnote Demonstrating benefits can improve buy-in from stakeholders.
33
What is the purpose of using scales in psychiatry?
To drive quality improvement for mental health conditions ## Footnote Consistent assessments help in tracking patient outcomes.
34
What should be avoided regarding a patient's privacy and social media?
Searching for patient information on social media ## Footnote This action breaches patient trust and confidentiality.
35
What is conflict of interest in healthcare?
Pharmaceutical companies covering nursing tuition costs ## Footnote This may lead to nurses prescribing certain medications more frequently.
36
What is drug tolerance?
Diminished response to a drug's effects over time ## Footnote Higher doses are often required to achieve the same therapeutic effect.
37
What are common causes of sleep apnea?
* Excess weight * Obesity * Diabetes * High BP * Narrowed airways * Smoking ## Footnote These factors contribute to the development of sleep apnea.
38
What are signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
* Tremors * Paradoxical sweats * Tactile disturbances * Auditory disturbances * Visual disturbance * Headaches * Anxiety * Agitation * Nausea and vomiting ## Footnote These symptoms can vary in severity and duration.
39
What are treatment options for alcohol dependence?
* Acamprosate * Disulfiram * Naltrexone ## Footnote These medications are used to help manage alcohol dependence.
40
What is the moderate range for MMSE?
10-20 ## Footnote MMSE stands for Mini-Mental State Examination, a tool used to assess cognitive function.
41
What is the moderate range for SLUM?
10-20 ## Footnote SLUM stands for Saint Louis University Mental Status exam, used for cognitive assessment.
42
What is the moderate range for HAM-D?
14-18 ## Footnote HAM-D refers to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
43
What is the moderate range for PHQ-9?
10-14 ## Footnote PHQ-9 is the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, used for screening and measuring the severity of depression.
44
What is the moderate range for GAD-7?
10-14 ## Footnote GAD-7 is the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale.
45
What is the moderate range for BDI?
19-29 ## Footnote BDI stands for Beck Depression Inventory.
46
What is the moderate range for HAM-A?
18-24 ## Footnote HAM-A refers to the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale.
47
How do you treat severe depression?
Medication and/or therapy; assess for suicidal ideation ## Footnote Treatment should be comprehensive and include safety evaluations.
48
How do you treat moderate depression?
Medication and/or therapy ## Footnote Similar to severe depression but may not require as intensive monitoring.
49
How do you treat mild depression?
Therapy or nothing ## Footnote Treatment may depend on patient preference and symptom severity.
50
How do you treat mild anxiety?
Therapy or nothing ## Footnote Similar to mild depression, treatment varies based on individual needs.
51
How do you treat severe anxiety?
Medication and/or therapy; assess for suicidal ideation ## Footnote Comprehensive treatment is crucial for managing severe symptoms.
52
How do you treat moderate anxiety?
Medication and/or therapy ## Footnote This approach is generally effective for managing symptoms.
53
What are distinctive withdrawal symptoms?
* Yawning * Irritability/anxiety * Pupillary dilation * Piloerection * Muscle aches * Lacrimation * Rhinorrhea * Sweating * Insomnia ## Footnote These symptoms can indicate withdrawal from certain substances.
54
What does the acronym YIP PLRSI represent?
Yawning, Irritability, Pupils, Piloerection, Lacrimation, Rhinorrhea, Sweating, Insomnia ## Footnote This acronym helps remember distinctive withdrawal symptoms.
55
What is the purpose of the SBIRT?
Screens for Substance Use Disorders ## Footnote SBIRT stands for Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment.
56
What does an AUDIT score determine?
The appropriate intervention per the SBIRT protocol ## Footnote AUDIT is a screening tool for alcohol use disorders.
57
What is the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) used for?
To assess substance use in young adults and adults ## Footnote DAST is a screening tool for drug abuse.

PMHNP NMODELO Review MODULE 1 (11 decks)

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