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PN2 RN > Pn2 Test 2 Other Stuff > Flashcards

Pn2 Test 2 Other Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of sleep apnea

A

Soft palate or tongue, obesity, large uvula , short neck, smoking, and large tonsils, adenoids, edema(around throat)

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2
Q

Cystic fibrosis ?

A

Geneticndisease Affects organs and impairs lung function

Mucus thickness builds up in lungs , pancreas, liver , saliva glands, and testes

Causes GERD

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3
Q

Digoxin nursing interventions

A

Check pulse and bp before giving

Report n/v, loose stools, parastesia , confusion , visual disturbances/ halos = toxicity

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4
Q

Antidote for heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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5
Q

What is bureglars disease

A

Disease of arteries and veins in arms and legs

Blood vessels inflamed , swell and become blocked with thrombi

Sensitive to cold

common in smokers

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6
Q

Raynaud’s disease

A

vascular disease -Pale to blue to red sequence of color changes

Common after cold exposure

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7
Q

Volume of blood ejected by the LV each beat

Affected by preload and afterload

A

Stroke volume

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8
Q

Returns blood from capillaries back to the right side of the heart

Valves backflow Prevent

A

Venous system

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9
Q

Post op trach assess

A 
Check airway
Breath sounds hourly 
Assess stoma 
Suction - 10-15 seconds at time 
Humidifier 
Infections ?
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10
Q

Number one cause of lung cancer

A

Smoking

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11
Q

Weak pulse =

A

Decreased arterial perfusion and dehydration

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12
Q

Bounding pulse =

A

Fluid overload

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13
Q

Kidney disease can elevate what lab but can be false positive

A

Troponin levels

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14
Q

Lab that increases with hypoxia

A

RBCs

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15
Q

Lab that increases with inflammation

A

Leukocytes

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16
Q

Don’t take contrast dye with what med

A

Metformin - can harm kidneys together

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17
Q

First test given for cardiac disorder

A

ECG

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18
Q

Is any heart failure curable?

A

NO

Need transplant

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19
Q

Lt side heart failure is considered EF of what?

EF of what for defibrillator candidates?

What EF is normal?

A

Less than 40

Less than 30 (mi with out)

55-65 normal

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20
Q

What is the most reliable indicator cause of Rt sided HF?

A

Increased weight

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21
Q

If potassium is low check what?

A

Magnesium levels (will be low )

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22
Q

Increases blood return to heart and gives more time to fill

A

Contractility

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23
Q

If patient has weight gain of how much over night to contact pcp?

How much gain in a week?

A

2 lbs overnight

3-5 in 1 week

24
Q

What may happen if you give nitro to one with aortic stenosis

A

Stuff valve will dilate and increase the flow to where one may pass out

25
Q

Normal INR for people with heart valves

A

3-4

26
Q

Petechiae

Most commonly found where ?

A

Pinpoint hemorrhages/bruise like marks

Palms of hands and soles of feet

27
Q

Inflammation of the heart due to heart infection or disorders

A

Pericarditis

28
Q

What to start immediately with rheumatic carditis

A

Antibiotics

29
Q

HF most common

A

Lt side - can turn into Rt sided

Give diuretics , vasodilators and glycosides (digoxin)

30
Q

Causes thickening of arteries and damage to organs

A

HTN

31
Q

Blood pressure is affected by what?

A

PVR (peripheral vascular resistance)

32
Q

Common cause of aging

A

Aterriolsclerosis

33
Q

Which condition has impaired perfusion in BLE and affects aorta ?

A

PAD

34
Q

If elevate or extend legs with PAD what will occur

If dangle legs what will occur?

A

Pale

rubra

35
Q

Best thing to promote with PAD in patients

A

Walking - increases circulation to blockage

Rest with pain

36
Q

Best drug to take with PAD

What not to do

A

Plavix (antiplatelets) decreases thickness of blood and decrease change of clotting

Don’t cross legs

37
Q

Asses what with PAD

A

Five 5s

Pain, pulse , pallor, paresthesia and paralysis

38
Q

TAA- what is key?

A

Control BP

39
Q

Why not to use homans sign

A

Not reliable
Can dislodge clot
Only occurs in certain amount of people

40
Q

Plasma found in blood vessels help keep fluidnwith in vessel

A

Protein
Albumin
globiner

41
Q

Thrombocytopenia

What drugs to avoid?

What to increase

A

Low platelets - bruise easily - avoid contact sports -enlarged spleen/liver

Plavix and aspirin

B12, iron

42
Q

Decreased liver function causes

A

Hep c , drugs, alcohol, trauma , NSAIDS, Tylenol

43
Q

What labs will be low in sickle cell

High

A

Hct

Reticular count , bilirubin

44
Q

Most common factor in sickle cell

Most common symptom

What destroys RBCs

A

Hypoxia

Pain

Spleen

45
Q

Sickle cell anemia cells need to be hydrated but not overloaded or pulmonary edema may occur

A

Yeah

46
Q

Sickle cell

Info

A

Keep HOB 30 degrees no higher- to maintain perfusion to brain

47
Q

B12 deficiency is common in who

A

Vegans

48
Q

Myeoeldoplastic syndrome leads to what

A

Leukemia

Increase WBC in bone marrow

Prevent infection - neutropenia precautions- no fresh fruits /veggies/limits visitors ,no crowds , wash hands, no plants
No small spaces

Keep port dry

49
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Swiss cheese appearance , bone pain

Stem cell transplant

50
Q

Change GI tube feeding bag every ?

A

24 hours

51
Q

Amount the ventricles stretch at the end of diastole

(Balloon)

Relaxation/draining to fill valves

  • end diastolic volume
A

Preload

52
Q

What increases preload

A

IV fluids

SNS - drugs-vasoconstriction (increases blood return to heart)

53
Q

What decreases preload?

A

Diuretics (furosemide) - removes fluid from blood volume

Vasodilation(nitroglycerin) (widens blood vessels)

54
Q

Pressure the ventricles must work against to open the semilunar valves to pump blood OUT of the heart

Overcoming vascular resistance so blood can be shot out to the body

(Release balloon)

A

Afterload

55
Q

Side of the heart that gives blood to lungs

A

Right side

56
Q

What can increase afterload?

A

Pulmonary HTN

Increase vasoconstriction

Aortic stenosis (narrow valve)

57
Q

Decreases afterload?

A

Vasodilators - open up vessels

PN2 RN (17 decks)

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