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Pn2 Test 2 Other Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of sleep apnea

A

Soft palate or tongue, obesity, large uvula , short neck, smoking, and large tonsils, adenoids, edema(around throat)

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2
Q

Cystic fibrosis ?

A

Geneticndisease Affects organs and impairs lung function

Mucus thickness builds up in lungs , pancreas, liver , saliva glands, and testes

Causes GERD

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3
Q

Digoxin nursing interventions

A

Check pulse and bp before giving

Report n/v, loose stools, parastesia , confusion , visual disturbances/ halos = toxicity

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4
Q

Antidote for heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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5
Q

What is bureglars disease

A

Disease of arteries and veins in arms and legs

Blood vessels inflamed , swell and become blocked with thrombi

Sensitive to cold

common in smokers

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6
Q

Raynaud’s disease

A

vascular disease -Pale to blue to red sequence of color changes

Common after cold exposure

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7
Q

Volume of blood ejected by the LV each beat

Affected by preload and afterload

A

Stroke volume

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8
Q

Returns blood from capillaries back to the right side of the heart

Valves backflow Prevent

A

Venous system

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9
Q

Post op trach assess

A 
Check airway
Breath sounds hourly 
Assess stoma 
Suction - 10-15 seconds at time 
Humidifier 
Infections ?
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10
Q

Number one cause of lung cancer

A

Smoking

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11
Q

Weak pulse =

A

Decreased arterial perfusion and dehydration

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12
Q

Bounding pulse =

A

Fluid overload

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13
Q

Kidney disease can elevate what lab but can be false positive

A

Troponin levels

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14
Q

Lab that increases with hypoxia

A

RBCs

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15
Q

Lab that increases with inflammation

A

Leukocytes

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16
Q

Don’t take contrast dye with what med

A

Metformin - can harm kidneys together

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17
Q

First test given for cardiac disorder

A

ECG

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18
Q

Is any heart failure curable?

A

NO

Need transplant

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19
Q

Lt side heart failure is considered EF of what?

EF of what for defibrillator candidates?

What EF is normal?

A

Less than 40

Less than 30 (mi with out)

55-65 normal

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20
Q

What is the most reliable indicator cause of Rt sided HF?

A

Increased weight

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21
Q

If potassium is low check what?

A

Magnesium levels (will be low )

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22
Q

Increases blood return to heart and gives more time to fill

A

Contractility

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23
Q

If patient has weight gain of how much over night to contact pcp?

How much gain in a week?

A

2 lbs overnight

3-5 in 1 week

24
Q

What may happen if you give nitro to one with aortic stenosis

A

Stuff valve will dilate and increase the flow to where one may pass out

25
Normal INR for people with heart valves
3-4
26
Petechiae Most commonly found where ?
Pinpoint hemorrhages/bruise like marks Palms of hands and soles of feet
27
Inflammation of the heart due to heart infection or disorders
Pericarditis
28
What to start immediately with rheumatic carditis
Antibiotics
29
HF most common
Lt side - can turn into Rt sided Give diuretics , vasodilators and glycosides (digoxin)
30
Causes thickening of arteries and damage to organs
HTN
31
Blood pressure is affected by what?
PVR (peripheral vascular resistance)
32
Common cause of aging
Aterriolsclerosis
33
Which condition has impaired perfusion in BLE and affects aorta ?
PAD
34
If elevate or extend legs with PAD what will occur If dangle legs what will occur?
Pale rubra
35
Best thing to promote with PAD in patients
Walking - increases circulation to blockage Rest with pain
36
Best drug to take with PAD What not to do
Plavix (antiplatelets) decreases thickness of blood and decrease change of clotting Don’t cross legs
37
Asses what with PAD
Five 5s Pain, pulse , pallor, paresthesia and paralysis
38
TAA- what is key?
Control BP
39
Why not to use homans sign
Not reliable Can dislodge clot Only occurs in certain amount of people
40
Plasma found in blood vessels help keep fluidnwith in vessel
Protein Albumin globiner
41
Thrombocytopenia What drugs to avoid? What to increase
Low platelets - bruise easily - avoid contact sports -enlarged spleen/liver Plavix and aspirin B12, iron
42
Decreased liver function causes
Hep c , drugs, alcohol, trauma , NSAIDS, Tylenol
43
What labs will be low in sickle cell High
Hct Reticular count , bilirubin
44
Most common factor in sickle cell Most common symptom What destroys RBCs
Hypoxia Pain Spleen
45
Sickle cell anemia cells need to be hydrated but not overloaded or pulmonary edema may occur
Yeah
46
Sickle cell | Info
Keep HOB 30 degrees no higher- to maintain perfusion to brain
47
B12 deficiency is common in who
Vegans
48
Myeoeldoplastic syndrome leads to what
Leukemia Increase WBC in bone marrow Prevent infection - neutropenia precautions- no fresh fruits /veggies/limits visitors ,no crowds , wash hands, no plants No small spaces Keep port dry
49
Multiple myeloma
Swiss cheese appearance , bone pain Stem cell transplant
50
Change GI tube feeding bag every ?
24 hours
51
Amount the ventricles stretch at the end of diastole (Balloon) Relaxation/draining to fill valves - end diastolic volume
Preload
52
What increases preload
IV fluids SNS - drugs-vasoconstriction (increases blood return to heart)
53
What decreases preload?
Diuretics (furosemide) - removes fluid from blood volume Vasodilation(nitroglycerin) (widens blood vessels)
54
Pressure the ventricles must work against to open the semilunar valves to pump blood OUT of the heart Overcoming vascular resistance so blood can be shot out to the body (Release balloon)
Afterload
55
Side of the heart that gives blood to lungs
Right side
56
What can increase afterload?
Pulmonary HTN Increase vasoconstriction Aortic stenosis (narrow valve)
57
Decreases afterload?
Vasodilators - open up vessels

PN2 RN (17 decks)

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