Political Globalization

Question 1

according to this sociologist state is a compulsory political organization with continuous operations

Answer 1

Max Weber

Question 2

For the sociologist Max Weber, “[a] compulsory political organization with continuous operations will be called a ___

Answer 2

state

Question 3

ts administrative staff successfully upholds a claim to the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force in the enforcement of its order

what idea

Answer 3

state

Question 4

Based on the given definition, state has the following elements (4)

Answer 4

It is a political organization;

It is a compulsory political organization;

It has continuous operation; and

It has the exclusive legitimate use of power in the enforcement of order [within its territory].

Question 5

The state is a group of people organized for the purpose of promoting the common good.

what element of state

Answer 5

political organization

Question 6

State has a formal structure of government; it works according to declared principles and policies; its powers are established, defined, and limited; and people’s rights and obligations are declared and enumerated.

what element of state

Answer 6

political organization

Question 7

(a) the state is supreme and must be obeyed by the people at all times; (b) membership to it is conferred by the state according to the requirements it prescribes; (c) membership in the state entails corresponding rights and obligations which are demandable and obligatory; (d) and obedience to its commands is obligatory, which means that they must be complied with to avoid punishment.

what element of state

Answer 7

compulsory organization

Question 8

The state is different from the government. The government is the agency through which the state expresses and carries out its will. People may come and go, the government may change its forms and powers, and its territories may change its size, but the state remains the same; it continues to exist for as long as it exercises its exclusive power to enforce obedience within its territory

what element of state

Answer 8

continuous operation

Question 9

That the state has an exclusive legitimate use of force to enforce obedience among the people within its territory means that the state is sovereign.

what element of state

Answer 9

legitimate use of authority

Question 10

is the power of of the state to effectively enforce obedience from its people absent any power over and above it. The state therefore exercises the supreme power to govern its members within its territory.

Answer 10

Sovereignty

Question 11

Another definition of state, to which many of us may be familiar, is given by

Answer 11

James Garner

Question 12

is a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience and enjoying freedom from external control

Answer 12

state

Question 13

The state, from the given definition, has the following elements (4)

Answer 13

people
territory
government
sovereignty

Question 14

To constitute a state, there is no minimum number of members required.

what element of state (2nd)

Answer 14

people

Question 15

t may be composed of about a thousand people just like the smallest state in the world

Answer 15

Batican

Question 16

does not also require that its people should have common racial origin or that they should share common cultural traits, which is what a nation is

Answer 16

state

Question 17

refers to the defined mass of land and water, including the airspace above it, in which its people cohabit and within which the state exercises sovereignty.

Answer 17

territory

Question 18

is the administrative body through which the state exercises its sovereignty by enacting, implementing, and applying laws for the promotion of the common good

Answer 18

government

Question 19

refers to the body of the people entrusted with the power to express and carry out the wills of the state

Answer 19

government

Question 20

is the supreme power of the state to command obedience from its people within its territory.

Answer 20

Sovereignty

Question 21

Sovereignty has two elements

Answer 21

internal

Question 22

refers to the supreme power of the state to command obedience from its people

Answer 22

internal sovereignty

Question 23

refers to the power of the state to direct its economic, political, social, and cultural affairs, without the interference of any external forces

Answer 23

external sovereignty

Question 24

which was entered into by different states in 1648, which effectively diminished the power of the Roman Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire, and has cemented the sovereignty of the state.

Answer 24

Treaty of Westphalia

Question 25

he Treaty of Westphalia, according to Patton (2019), has resolved three major issues, namely

Answer 25

(a) religious freedom was officially recognized, establishing the principle of the separation of church and state; (b) the principle of international diplomacy as a mode of resolving conflicts (instead of war) was laid down; and (c) third, which is considered the most important, the principle of the sovereignty of the state was solidified.

Question 26

Accordingly, the Treaty of Wesphalia in 1648 established the rights, prerogatives, and liberties of the state including the following: (4)

Answer 26

territorial right religious right political right right against interference from the church, the empire, and other state, in short, the right to sovereignty.

Question 27

had recognized the rights of the state as a sovereign political entity. It is this recognition which solidified the sovereignty of the state and effectively diminished the power of both the Roman Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire.

Answer 27

Treaty of Westphalia

Question 28

which states that political power emanates from God

Answer 28

divine law theory

Question 29

stating that positive laws should be patterned to natural laws

Answer 29

natural law theory

Question 30

was created by the national sovereign whether king, president, parliament, or congress

Answer 30

positive law

Question 31

ended the idea that rulers were ultimately accountable to God

Answer 31

positivism

Question 32

were at liberty todo what they decided was best for their countries. In international law terms, statescould not be forced to accept any international treaty they did not like.

Answer 32

Rulers

Question 33

had then paved the way to the secularization of the states, the effective transfer of the seat of political power from the divine to the human, from the church to the sovereign chosen by the people

Answer 33

Treaty of Westphalia

Question 34

book that was published three years after the Treaty of Westphalia, envisions of the political society in which the powers of the sovereign emanate from the social contract they have voluntarily entered into and not from the God as was believed prior to the conclusion of the said treaty

Answer 34

Thomas Hobbes' Leviathian

Question 35

also provides that the powers of the government--legislative,executive, and judicial--emanate from the people exercised by their representatives for the protection of their lives, liberties, and properties. what book

Answer 35

John Locke's Second Treatise

Question 36

For Him, sovereignty resides in the people and all powers exercised by the government are just entrusted to it. The government, then, is accountable to the people and not to a divine entity as the divine right theory states.

Answer 36

John Locke

Question 37

Based on the Westphalian idea of the state, international law adopts the following fundamental principles which shall govern the relations of all states in the world (4)

Answer 37

States have exclusive domestic jurisdiction States are equal States have diplomatic immunity States enjoy nonintervention

Question 38

States are supreme in matters affecting its internal affairs. So as long as the state policy or decision does not affect others, they must be left alone to decide what they think is best for them. what fundamental doctrines of international law

Answer 38

states have exclusive domestic jurisdiction

Question 39

This means that heads of states and governments, including their official representatives such as the ambassadors, cannot be sued for violating laws in other states in recognition of the sovereignty of the states they represent.]

Answer 39

States have diplomatic immunity

Question 40

States are independent; they must be left alone to decide what is good for them.

Answer 40

States enjoy nonintervention

Question 41

essential elements of equality of states

Answer 41

1. "States are juridical equals; 2. “Each state enjoys the rights inherent in full sovereignty. 3. “Each state has the duty to respect the personality of other states. 4. “The territorial integrity and political independence of the state are inviolable. 5. “Each state has the right to freely choose and develop its political, social, economic and cultural systems. 6. “Each state has the right to comply fully and in good faith with its international obligations and to live in peace with other states.” ( Suter 2003, 22-23)

Question 42

his means that, under the law or in the eyes of the law, states are equal. Some states may be politically and economically powerful than others but they do not have special rights and privileges before the law. Regardless of their political and economic stature, states are equal before the law. what elements of fundamental equality

Answer 42

equality

Question 43

All states are sovereign. As such, they all enjoy all the rights inherent to the exercise of their sovereignty such as the right to determine their domestic and international policies and the right to enact and implement laws deemed imperative for their national interests. what elements of fundamental equality

Answer 43

sovereignty

Question 44

States are juridical persons. They all enjoy certain rights and privileges, sovereignty being the most important. All states are duty-bound to recognize and respect these rights. As such, no state has the right to dominate any other states what elements of fundamental equality

Answer 44

personality

Question 45

what elements of fundamental equality All states are independent from one another. As independent political entities, they have the right to determine their domestic and international policies. Consequently, no state has the right to intervene in the affairs of another. All states have their own respective territories. Their economic and political rights over these territories--land, water, air--are inviolable.

Answer 45

inviolability

Question 46

what elements of fundamental equality As sovereign political entities, all states have the right to adopt economic, political, social and cultural systems deemed to effectively advance their national interests. No states, no international institutions, and no international organizations can dictate any state to adopt a particular system or policy.

Answer 46

Liberty

Question 47

what elements of fundamental equality States co-exist with other states. As such they are obligated to observe generally accepted principles of international relations in order to promote peaceful co-existence among them. Since all states are sovereign, no particular state can exercise absolute sovereignty for by doing so it may violate the sovereignty of other states

Answer 47

Duty

Question 48

identifies five global forces that challenge the Westphalian concept of the state:

Answer 48

Hans Schattle

Question 49

five global forces that challenge the Westphalian concept of the state, namely

Answer 49

global economic interdependence, political and economic integration, the rise of international law and universal principles the development in communication network rise of transnational activism.

Question 50

is a state of affairs wherein countries in the world are economically dependent with one another

Answer 50

global economic interdependence

Question 51

It constitutes a global web of supply and demand wherein states, corporations, and private individuals engage in free trade. This economic interdependence is the necessary effect of economic globalization or the integration of the world economy, which abolishes national economic barriers

Answer 51

Global Economic Interdependence

Question 52

an economic philosophy that advocates deregulation, privatization, and free trade as global economic policies

Answer 52

neoliberalism

Question 53

[impose] a forced choice upon states: either conform to free-market principles or run the risk of being left behind.”

Answer 53

neoliberalism

Question 54

effectively undermine the economic sovereignty of the states in the sense that they are forced to conform to the global economic system

Answer 54

global economic interdependence

Question 55

This herd has grown exponentially thanks to the democratizations of finance, technology and information – so much so that today it is beginning to replace governments as the primary source of capital for both companies and countries to grow.

Answer 55

electronic herd

Question 56

has given rise to political and economic partnerships among neighboring states such as the European Union, African Union, Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

Answer 56

economic interdependence

Question 57

has created an “increasingly complex, multi-layered interrelationships between states, international institutions, local and international non-state actors, and of course, ordinary people.

Answer 57

globalization

Question 58

is an international organization created in 1945 after the World War II for the following purposes

Answer 58

United Nations

Question 59

defines the legal responsibilities of States in their conduct with each other, and their treatment of individuals within State boundaries

Answer 59

international law

Question 60

Its domain encompasses a wide range of issues of international concern, such as human rights, disarmament, international crime, refugees, migration, problems of nationality, the treatment of prisoners, the use of force, and the conduct of war, among others

Answer 60

international law

Question 61

which “settles legal disputes submitted to it by States in accordance with international law.

Answer 61

International Court Of Justice

Question 62

hese networks that the different branches of the governments in the world, including their various agencies, exchange information, coordinate governmental actions, uphold common standards, and enforce domestic and international laws to “smooth out more productive and efficient working relationships among themselves.

Answer 62

transgovernmental networks

Question 63

is the mechanism by which nation-states “solve collective problems that can only be addressed on a global scale without resorting to the creation of a global government.

Answer 63

transnational networks

Question 64

are private entities voluntarily formed to advance universal principles.

Answer 64

transnational governmental organizations

Question 65

constitute the global civil society which seeks to ensure that states and their governments uphold generally accepted principles of international law

Answer 65

transnational non governmental organizations

Question 66

is one example of this non-governmental organization whose mission is “to stop corruption and promote transparency, accountability and integrity at all levels and across all sectors of society.

Answer 66

Transparency Internatonal

Question 67

which “scores and ranks countries/territories based on how corrupt a country’s public sector is perceived to be by experts and business executives

Answer 67

Corruption Perception Index

Question 68

The invention of the ___ has made the world smaller as virtual global communication and interaction is made possible.

Answer 68

internet

Question 69

gives rise to people empowerment which enables them to demand accountability from the states/governments, global institutions, and transnational corporations

Answer 69

consciousness

Question 70

has then created “new kinds of communities [that] coalesce via networks and create new arenas for political interaction, identity and belonging.

Answer 70

digital globalization

Question 71

group of people from different countries inspired by the common hope for a better future actively advocating for social and global transformation. Schattle explains their emergence

Answer 71

transnational activitist

Question 72

T]he surge in public consciousness of globalization and all its implications led growing numbers of everyday people during this period to begin thinking of themselves as

Answer 72

global citizens

Question 73

With the democratization of information brought about by social media revolution has led to the intensification of what Robert Roberson calls the

Answer 73

intensification of global consciousness

Question 74

have also eased the way for citizens groups across the ‘global south’ to build network partners

Answer 74

social media platforms

Question 75

is described as the socio – economic and political division that exist between the wealthy developed countries, called “the North”, and the underdeveloped/developing countries known as “the South”

Answer 75

North-South Divide

Question 76

The North –South divide is said to be a

Answer 76

heritage of colonialism

Question 77

have become the ‘North”

Answer 77

colonial powers

Question 78

created a hierarchical structure on which the rich North were the center (core) of the world economic system, while the South remained at the periphery of the system (Bade 1983 cited by Ebaye and Ogbay).

Answer 78

Neocolonialism

Question 79

according to Ebaye and Ogbang (2016), occurred when earlier known civilization in Africa, Asia and the 19th century’s Latin America were capitalized (non-industrialized) economies.

Answer 79

industrial revolution

Question 80

has resulted to acquisition of wealth and technology by the North

Answer 80

industrialization

Question 81

which separated the globe into the rich North and poor South with some exceptions (notably, Australia and New Zealand.

Answer 81

Brandt Line

Question 82

is said to refer to “a visualisation created to illustrate international inequalities and the socioeconomic gulf that separates regions of the world, popularised in North-South: A Programme for Survival – also known as the Brandt report” (Lees, 2020).

Answer 82

Brandt Line

Question 83

initiated a campaign to modify the established institutions and structures of the global economy.

Answer 83

Houari Boumedienne

Question 84

which called for protection of the real value of commodities, the right of developing states to expropriate foreign enterprises, and the international regulation of multinational corporations

Answer 84

New International Economic Order

Question 85

Other Events which have Implications on the North-South Divide

Answer 85

Decolonisation of Asia and African States and the moves of Latin American States to free themselves from US domination Cold War The Oil Crisis of the 1970’s The major institutional changes in the international realm (Davis, 2012)

Question 86

is believed to be a by-product of economic interaction and not a consequence of political planning.

Answer 86

asia regionalism

Question 87

developed toward the end of the Cold War, with the creation of various regional institutions for nearly two decades after the 1980s

Answer 87

regionalism

Question 88

regionalism was characterized by dynamic developments in markets rather than by formal political institutions what kind of regionalism

Answer 88

asian

Question 89

regional blocks in asia

Answer 89

ASEAN

Question 90

was founded on August 8, 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand

Answer 90

ASEAN

Question 91

ASEAN first members were

Answer 91

Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore.

Question 92

ASEAN members signed what declaration

Answer 92

ASEAN declaration/Bangkok Declaration

Question 93

joined ASEAN in 1984

Answer 93

Brunei Darusallam

Question 94

joined ASEAN in 1995

Answer 94

Vietnam

Question 95

joined ASEAN in 1997

Answer 95

Lao PDR Myanmar

Question 96

joined ASEAN in 1999

Answer 96

Cambodia

Question 97

how many member states of ASEAN

Answer 97

10

Question 98

what factor has given rise to transnational activism

Answer 98

the consciousness of global problems brought about by the development of information and communication technology

Question 99

what is the effect of communication networks and social media to governance

Answer 99

the rise of communication networks and social media have made people conscious of the national and global problems which enable them to demand accountability from governments

Question 100

In what sense is state considerd a political organization

Answer 100

state exists for the sake of the common good state has a formal political structure

Question 101

can state exist without a government?

Answer 101

yes

Question 102

what are the interrelated aspects of economic globalization

Answer 102

globalization of -trades of goods and services -finance and capital -production -communication and technology

Question 103

what are the core concepts of neoliberalism

Answer 103

faith in the capacity of the state to run the economy faith in the rationality of the free market faith in the efficiency of trade

Question 104

which of the following are fundamental principles of international law?

Answer 104

states are economically and politically equal states are entitled to recognition states have exclusive domestic jurisdiction states enjoy non-intervention from foreign powers

Question 105

what does it mean for the state to be sovereign?

Answer 105

state is independen from other states

Question 105

what are the basic claims of globalism?

Answer 105

globalization promotes global justice no one is in charge of globalization globalization promotes democracy globalization requires the creation of global institutions to regulate the economic activities in the world

Question 105

what does liberty of the state mean?

Answer 105

state is free to determine its economic, political, social, and cultural life

Question 106

which of the following statements are true?

Answer 106

state is composed of people state may be composed of people belonging to different races

Question 107

what does it mean for the sovereignty of the state to be inviolable

Answer 107

no foreign powers can intervene in the domestic affairs of the state