population Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the physical factors affecting population growth?
- Climate
- Relief
- Natural resources
These factors influence where populations are able to thrive or are limited in their growth.
How does climate affect population density?
Extreme climates tend to have low population densities, while mild climates support higher populations.
For example, Europe has mild climates that support high populations.
What is the impact of relief on population distribution?
Flat fertile land supports higher populations, while mountainous areas are sparsely populated.
This is due to the difficulty of living in and accessing resources in mountainous regions.
Name a natural resource that attracts populations.
Water, minerals, and arable land.
Access to these resources is crucial for sustaining large populations.
What human factor can reduce death rates and increase population?
Good healthcare.
Improved healthcare services lead to lower mortality rates.
How does education affect birth rates?
Higher education levels often lower birth rates.
Education can lead to better family planning and economic opportunities.
What are push factors in migration?
- War
- Unemployment
- Low natural resources
These factors drive people away from their home countries.
What are pull factors in migration?
- Job opportunities
- Safety
- Religious freedom
These factors attract people to new locations.
What is an example of a country facing overpopulation?
Bangladesh.
It has a high population density and various socio-economic challenges.
What is the population density of Bangladesh?
Over 1200 people/km².
20x the national average
What causes high birth rates in countries like Bangladesh?
- Lack of contraception or family planning
- Cultural or religious beliefs promoting large families
- High infant mortality rates
These factors contribute to sustained high birth rates.
What are the impacts of overpopulation in Bangladesh?
- Overcrowded cities (Dhaka)
- Shortage of housing and clean water
These impacts severely affect living conditions.
What solutions are proposed for overpopulation?
- Family planning programs
- Improved access to sexual education
These measures aim to control population growth and improve quality of life.
What is an example of a country facing underpopulation?
Australia.
It has a low birth rate and low migration levels.
What causes underpopulation in Australia?
- Large desert (the Outback)
- Low birth rate
- Low migration levels
These factors limit the population’s growth and distribution.
What are the impacts of underpopulation in Australia?
- Shortage of workers to exploit natural resources
- High cost of infrastructure per person
These impacts can hinder economic development.
What solutions are proposed for underpopulation?
- Pro-immigration policies
- Encouraging larger families through incentives
These strategies aim to increase the population size.
What country has a high population growth rate?
Niger.
It has one of the highest fertility rates in the world.
What is the fertility rate in Niger?
6.9 children per woman.
This high fertility rate contributes to rapid population growth.
What are the causes of high population growth in Niger?
- Limited access to contraception
- Cultural preference for large families
These factors lead to sustained high birth rates.
What impacts does high population growth have in Niger?
- Pressure on food and water supplies
- Overcrowded schools and healthcare facilities
These impacts can strain resources and services.
What solutions are proposed for managing population growth in Niger?
- Family planning education
- Investment in healthcare and women’s rights
These measures aim to improve living conditions and control population growth.
