population 🧑🧑🧒🧒 Flashcards
(42 cards)
population explosion
the rapid increase in population of an area
population growth rate
the annual average rate of change of population size for a given area
birth rate
the number of babies born per 1000 people per year
death rate
the number of deaths per 1000 people per year
natural change
the difference between birth and death rates expressed as a percentage
natural increase
when the birth rate exceeds the death rate and the population goes up
natural decrease
when the the death rate exceeds the birth rate and the population goes down
zero growth
the population is in balance. The birth rate is equal to the death rate so there is no increase / decrease .
exponential growth
the pattern where the rate of growth constantly increases
life expectancy
the average number of years someone born in a country can expect to live
infant mortality rate
the number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1000 born in a year
fertility rate
the average number of babies born to a woman. A fertility rate of 2.1 is needed to replace people dying ( replacement rate).
NATURAL CHANGE =
BIRTH RATE - DEATH RATE ( given as a percentage )
POPULATION CHANGE =
NATURAL CHANGE + MIGRATORY CHANGE
POPULATION GROWTH RATE =
POPULATION CHANGE
_________________________ X 100
1000
what causes population change
lack of contraceptives
poverty
fertile people
hospital access
culture approach
economy
lack of contraceptives
high birth rate = availability and knowledge on how to use
low birth rate = use of contraceptives
high death rate = lack of knowledge / care for medical research
low death rate = improvement in medical research and practice
poverty
high birth rate = children are often seen as the only thing adults can rely on when they are old
low birth rate = less poverty , less need for children
high death rate = war, brings money , however people may die
low death rate = no war , not many countries have the money to go to war
fertile people
high birth rate = fertile people, they have the ability to have children
low birth rate = infertile people, they cant have children
high death rate = drugs, people have more access to drugs OD
low death rate = no drugs, less people have access to drugs less people OD
hospital access
high birth rate = more people live closer to the hospitals
low birth rate = more people live further away from hospitals
high death rate = viruses , more people dead because of viruses
low death rate = no viruses , less people catching them , cleaner people
culture approach
high birth rate = some cultures push to have more children
low birth rate = forgotten heritage ways - old culture practices are being forgotten
high death rate = obesity - unhealthy life
low death rate = more people living healthier
economy
high birth rate = less expensive to have a child
low birth rate = higher economy, more people have less money to pay hospitals
high death rate = natural disasters , people living in high disaster places
low death rate = natural disasters, people living away from these places
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL (DTM)
shows how birth rates and death rates have changed the global population over time.
overpopulation
where there are too many people to be supported with a good standard of living by the resources of the country or area
