Population Flashcards
Year of people’s republic of China
1949
Cultural revolution
1966-1976
Great Leap Forward
1958-1961
Great famine
1959-1961
1st propaganda
One child isn’t too few
2 is just fine
3 is too many
From 1971-75
WAN Xi shao
1970’s
Later marriage
Births more widely spaced
Less kids. Urban 2 rural 3
One child policy
1979
First change to one child policy
1984 Han Chinese in rural areas allowed to have 2nd child if 1st is girl
2nd change to OCP
2006 some provinces ease restrictions to allow only child couples to have 2 children and if the 1st has health problems
But people can’t afford 2 children so didn’t make huge difference in fertility rates which now is far below replacement level of 2.1 children per woman
% of over 65 years old people in 1970
4%
Was 8% in 2010, estimated to rise to 23% in 30 years.
2 child policy
2015
How did wan xi shao effect fertility rate
Reduced from 5.81 to 2.72 in less than 10 years.
How did one child isn’t too few affect growth rate
Declined from 2.4% in 1971 to 1.7% in 1975.
Wan xi shao helped to reduce it to 1.4% in 1979
But not sufficiently cuz of population momentum
Once child policy problems
115 boys to 100 girls due to cultural preference over boys and sex selective abortions, abandonment and female infanticide, compared with global average - 107 boys.
Ageing pop
4-2-1 families put pressure on younger generations
Why were there changes to once child policy
Cuz gov realised working population was decreasing and ageing pop causing bigger destructions to balance or young to old generation. So rate of china’s economic growth is decreasing and reduced tax income required to support elderly
