Population & Settlement

Question 1

Urbanisation

Answer 1

Process of urban areas becoming bigger over time

Question 2

Counter urbanisation

Answer 2

The movement of people away from urban areas to rural areas

Question 3

Push factors

Answer 3

A negative reason which pushes you away from a certain place eg crime

Question 4

Pull factors

Answer 4

A positive reason attracting you towards a place

Question 5

CBD

Answer 5

Central Business District, centre of an urban area with commercial value

Question 6

Infrastructure

Answer 6

The network of basic facilities & services that society needs in order to function

Question 7

Shanty towns

Answer 7

Slum areas found in LEDCs

Question 8

Suburb

Answer 8

The area of more expensive residential development on the outskirts of urban areas

Question 9

Convenience goods

Answer 9

Relatively inexpensive & common goods which are purchased frequently eg milk

Question 10

Urban sprawl

Answer 10

The process of urban areas spreading outwards

Question 11

Specialist goods

Answer 11

Useful products/ facilities such as shops and schools

Question 12

Gentrification

Answer 12

The changes that happen when wealthy people buy property in a poor area

Question 13

Economic migrant

Answer 13

Those who move to another country in order to improve their standard of living

Question 14

Negative effects on the UK because of Poland migration

Answer 14

Remittances
Overcrowded services
Racial tension

Question 15

Negative effects on Poland because of Poland migration

Answer 15

Aging population
Brain drain
Shortage of workers

Question 16

Positive effects on the UK because of Poland migration

Answer 16

More economically active people - more tax & more goods to be bought
Increased trade
More skilled labour force

Question 17

Positive effects on Poland because of Poland migration

Answer 17

£3 b. sent back as remittances
Helped housing shortage and unemployment
New market for polish goods in UK

Question 18

Pull factors of UK

Answer 18

Higher wages
Easy to migrate
Good currency

Question 19

Push factors of Poland

Answer 19

High unemployment (20%)
Low wages (1/3 of UKs)
Housing shortages (3/10)

Question 20

Pull factors of urban China

Answer 20

More jobs
Higher wages
Better services eg. school & healthcare (1.1 m. couldn’t go to school in 2001)

Question 21

Push factors of rural China

Answer 21

Fewer jobs
Widespread poverty (600 m. survive on less than £2 a day)
Shortage of services

Question 22

Rural China positives

Answer 22

Remittances

Question 23

Rural China negatives

Answer 23

Aging population

Question 24

Rural China solutions

Answer 24

Introduced pensions in 2009 for farmers

Question 25

Urban China positives

Answer 25

More workers - stronger economy

Question 26

Urban China negatives

Answer 26

Pollution | Not enough infrastructures (270 cities don't have water treatment plants)

Question 27

Urban China solutions

Answer 27

Built vocational/ practical schools | Changed water supply system in 2001 - improving water access & quality

Question 28

Exponential Growth

Answer 28

When a population doubles

Question 29

Advantages of rural life (counter urbanisation)

Answer 29

Peace & quiet Low house prices Low crime

Question 30

Disadvantages of rural life (counter urbanisation)

Answer 30

``` Less culture New people don't integrate Grown up local children cant afford to live there Fewer jobs Overcrowded services ```

Question 31

Advantages of urban life (counter urbanisation)

Answer 31

Better services | Higher wages

Question 32

Disadvantages of urban life (counter urbanisation)

Answer 32

Pollution Expensive lifestyle Crime Traffic

Question 33

Former Kings Cross

Answer 33

``` Industry Manufacturing Transport High crime rate Derelict buildings Prostitution ```

Question 34

Kings Cross now

Answer 34

Used recreationally, residentially, educationally, retail & offices 2,000 new houses eg. the art house More retail ( MAC, waitrose, American Apparel) New offices A new University Cleaned up canal for 45,000 who live there 10 new public spaces eg. Camley street nature park 400 new trees

Question 35

Why was the China one child policy introduced

Answer 35

Catastrophic famine from 1959-61 resulted in 35 m. deaths population increased 55 m. every year Later, longer, fewer slogan had little effect

Question 36

One child policy benefits for citizens

Answer 36

``` Free education Family allowance s Priority housing Pension benefits Women must be 20 before marriage Men must be 22 before marriage Couples must have permission to marry & have a child Family planning available at work ```

Question 37

One child policy problems

Answer 37

Illegal female specific abortions Female infanticide Major gender imbalance ( 60 m. more men) 4:2:1 ratio

Question 38

One child policy successes

Answer 38

400 m. fewer born Previously forecasted famine not happened New industries have lifted millions out of poverty