Possible Exam Questions

Question 1

Pec Major Att.

Answer 1

Proximal:
Clavicular head: medial clavicle
Sternal head: sternum and superior 6
costal cartilages

Distal: lateral lip intertubercular sulcus
humerus

Question 2

Serratus Anterior Att.

Answer 2

P: ribs 1-8 (Ser8us)
D: medial border of scapula

Question 3

Rhomboid Major att.

Answer 3

P: spinous processes T2-5
D: medial border of scapula from spine of
scapula to inferior angle

Question 4

Latissimus Dorsi Att.

Answer 4

P: spinous processes T6-12, thoracolumbar
fascia (TLF), inferior ribs, iliac crest
D: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 5

Teres Minor Att.

Answer 5

P: middle part lateral border scapula
D: greater tubercle of humerus (inferior)

Question 6

Infraspinatus Att.

Answer 6

P: infraspinous fossa
D: greater tubercle of humerus (middle)

Question 7

Supraspinatus Att.

Answer 7

P: supraspinous fossa
D: greater tubercle of humerus (superior)

Question 8

Subscapularis Att.

Answer 8

P: subscapular fossa
D: lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 9

Brachioradialis Att.

Answer 9

P: proximal 2/3 of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
D: lateral distal radius

Question 10

Pronator Teres Att.

Answer 10

P: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid
process of ulna
D: proximal radius

Question 11

Flexor Pollicus Longus Att

Answer 11

P: anterior surface of radius and IOM
D: palmar surface of base of distal
phalange of 1st digit

Question 12

Flexor Digi Superficialis Att.

Answer 12

P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: middle phalanges of digits 2 - 5

Question 13

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Att.

Answer 13

P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: palmar surface of pisiform, hook
of the hamate and base of 5th
metacarpal

Question 14

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Att.

Answer 14

P: lateral epicondyle of humerus &
ulna
D: dorsal base of 5th metacarpal

Question 15

Extensor Digi Att.

Answer 15

P: lateral epicondyle of humerus
D: extensor expansions of digits 2-4
(more on this in the hand lecture)

Question 16

Extensor Pollicus Brevis Att.

Answer 16

P: posterior radius and IOM
D: dorsal base of proximal phalanx of
1st digit

Question 17

Pec Major A/NS

Answer 17

Action: Adduction & IR humerus
Clavicular: flexes humerus
Sternal: extends humerus from flexed
position
NS: lateral & medial pectoral nerve

Question 18

Serratus Anterior A/NS

Answer 18

Action: protract and upwardly rotate
scapula; stabilise scapula against
thoracic wall
NS: Long thoracic nerve

Question 19

Rhomboid Major A/NS

Answer 19

Action: retract & rotate scapula; fix scapula to
thoracic wall
NS: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 20

Latissimus Dorsi A/NS

Answer 20

Action: ADD, EXT, IR of GHJ
* Directly moves arm on GHJ
* Indirectly moves scapula on STJ (Scapulothoracic)
NS: Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 21

Teres Minor A/NS

Answer 21

Action: external rotation of GHJ
Function: stabilise head of humerus in
glenoid fossa
NS: Axillary nerve

Question 22

Infraspinatus A/NS

Answer 22

Action: external rotation of GHJ
Function: stabilise head of humerus in
glenoid fossa
NS: Suprascapular nerve

Question 23

Supraspinatus A/NS

Answer 23

Action: initiates & assists ABD in GHJ
Function: stabilise head of humerus in glenoid
fossa
NS: Suprascapular nerve

Question 24

Subscapularis A/NS

Answer 24

Action: medial rotation of GHJ
Function: stabilise head of humerus
in glenoid fossa
NS: upper and lower subscapular nerve

Question 25

Brachioradialis A/NS

Answer 25

Action: elbow flexor (“drinker’s muscle”) NS: radial n.

Question 26

Pronator Teres A/NS

Answer 26

Action: forearm pronation and elbow flexion NS: median n.

Question 27

Flexor Pollicus Longus A/NS

Answer 27

Action: metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal flexion of 1st digit NS: anterior interosseous n

Question 28

Flexor Digi Superficialis A/NS

Answer 28

Action: flexion at wrist, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2 - 5 NS: median n.

Question 29

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris A/NS

Answer 29

Action: wrist flexion and ulnar deviation (add) NS: ulnar n.

Question 30

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris A/NS

Answer 30

Action: wrist extension and ulnar deviation (adduction) NS: (deep branch) of radial n.

Question 31

Extensor Digi A/NS

Answer 31

Action: wrist, metacarpophalangeal & interphalangeal joints extension NS: (deep branch) of radial

Question 32

Extensor Pollicis Brevis A/NS

Answer 32

Action: 1st digit (thumb) extension NS: posterior interosseous nerve (radial n.)

Question 33

Scalenes Att.

Answer 33

Anterior: C3-6 to 1st rib Median: C5-7 to 1st rib Posterior: C5-7 to 2nd rib All attach onto transverse processes of spine

Question 34

Scalenes A/NS

Answer 34

NS: anterior rami of spinal nerves C3 to 8 Accessory inspiration muscles Anterior: Flex Head Medial/Posterior: Side Flexion of head

Question 35

Trapezius Att.

Answer 35

P: superior nuchal line, occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous process C7 – T12 D: spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 clavicle

Question 36

Trapezius A/NS

Answer 36

Action: moves scapula * Descending (Superior, Upper): elevation & upward rotation * Middle: retraction * Ascending (Inferior, Lower): depression & upward rotation NS: Accessory nerve

Question 37

Deltoid Att.

Answer 37

P: 3 heads 1. lateral 1/3 clavicle (anterior), 2. acromion (middle), 3. scapula spine (posterior) D: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 38

Deltoid A/NS

Answer 38

Action: ABD (strong), FL, EXT GHJ Function: resist downward weight of arm. NS: Axillary Nerve

Question 39

Biceps Brachii Att.

Answer 39

Proximal: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula Short head: coracoid process of scapula Distal: radial tuberosity

Question 40

Biceps Brachii A/NS

Answer 40

Action: forearm supination and elbow flexion; shoulder flexion NS: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 41

Triceps Brachii Att.

Answer 41

Proximal: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: posterior humerus superior to radial groove Medial head: posterior humerus inferior to radial groove Distal: olecranon process of ulna

Question 42

Triceps Brachii A/NS

Answer 42

Action: elbow extension NS: radial n.

Question 43

Extensor Pollicis Longus Att.

Answer 43

P: posterior surface of ulna and IOM D: dorsal surface of base of distal phalange of 1st digit

Question 44

Extensor Pollicis Longus A/NS

Answer 44

Action: metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal flexion of 1st digit NS: posterior interosseous n.

Question 45

Lumbricals Att.

Answer 45

P: Flexor Digitorum Profundus Tendon D: Extensor Expansions

Question 46

Lumbricals A/NS

Answer 46

A: Metacarpophalangeal Joint Flexion Interphalangeal Joint Extension NS: Median (1-2) and Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve (3-4)

Question 47

Thenar Muscles/NS

Answer 47

Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Median Nerve

Question 48

Midpalmar Muscles NS

Answer 48

Lumbricals 1-2 (M) Lumbricals 3-4 (U) Adductor pollicis (M) Palmar interossei Dorsal interossei Median/(Deep Branch) Ulnar Nerve

Question 49

Hypothenar Muscles/NS

Answer 49

Opponens digiti Flexor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi (Deep branch of) Ulnar nerve