POST LAB EXP 4 and 5

Question 1

adherence

Answer 1

PHYSICAL CONTACT

Question 2

– squeezing of blood vessel walls; non-directional

Answer 2

Diapedesis

Question 3

– directional

Answer 3

Chemotaxis

Question 4

– associated with groups of pathogens; Innate immune system

Answer 4

Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS)

Question 5

• recognize and adhere to pathogens

Answer 5

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRS)

Question 6

blood and lymph

Answer 6

Secreted PRRs

Question 7

circulating that binds to PAMPs

Answer 7

Secreted PRRs

Question 8

triggers the complement cascade leading to opsonization

Answer 8

Secreted PRRs

Question 9

Binds to pathogen leading to release of effector molecules (cytokines)

Answer 9

Phagocytosis Receptors

Question 10

recognize PAMPs with mannose

Answer 10

Phagocytosis Receptors

Question 11

set of transmembrane receptors

Answer 11

Toll-like Receptors

Question 12

Toll-like Receptors found in:

Answer 12

MACs, DCs, epithelial cells

Question 13

fruitfly Drosophilia: antifungal

Answer 13

Toll-like Receptors

Question 14

Toll-like Receptors inc conc:

Answer 14

monocytes, MACs, neutrophils

Question 15

ingestion

Answer 15

FORMATION OF PHAGOSOME

Question 16

phagosome + lysosome = PHAGOLYSOSOME

Answer 16

FUSION OF PHAGOLYSOS OME

Question 17

respiratory burst

Answer 17

DIGESTION

Question 18

failed phagocytosis (innate/1st line of defense)

Answer 18

PHAGOCYTIC
CAPABILITY

Question 19

20 –

Answer 19

lymph nodes (bacteremia), thymus

Question 20

10 –

Answer 20

bone marrow; spleen

Question 21

Automated system for identifying cells based on light scattering

Answer 21

CELL FLOW CYTOMETRY

Question 22

Segmented lymphocytes; labelled Abs

Answer 22

FLOW CYTOMETRY

Question 23

Chronic granulomatous disease and Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Answer 23

FLOW CYTOMETRY

Question 24

NITROBLUE TETRAZOLIUM TEST
: reagent

Answer 24

NBT

Question 25

Deep blue

Answer 25

NITROBLUE TETRAZOLIUM TEST

Question 26

Colorless WBC - CGD

Answer 26

NITROBLUE TETRAZOLIUM TEST

Question 27

CHEMICAL NATURE

Question 28

excellent antigens

Answer 28

Proteins

Question 29

High MW and structural complexity

Answer 29

Proteins

Question 30

Less immunogenic than protein

Answer 30

Polysaccharides/Carbohydrates

Question 31

Relatively smaller

Answer 31

Polysaccharides/Carbohydrates

Question 32

considered too small to function as antigens

Answer 32

Polysaccharides/Carbohydrates

Question 33

B cells do not recognize

Answer 33

Polysaccharides/Carbohydrates

Question 34

Antigenic if linked w/ proteins

Answer 34

Lipids

Question 35

Inferior Ag

Answer 35

Lipids

Question 36

Relative simplicity

Answer 36

Lipids

Question 37

Lack of structural stability

Answer 37

Lipids

Question 38

Poor antigens

Answer 38

Nucleic acids

Question 39

Relative simplicity, molecular flexibility, and rapid degradation

Answer 39

Nucleic acids

Question 40

Easily degradable

Answer 40

Nucleic acids

Question 41

– degree to which antigenic determinants are recognized as non-self by an individual’s immune system

Answer 41

Foreignness

Question 42

↑ foreign

Answer 42

↑ immunogenic

Question 43

↓ degradable

Answer 43

↑ immunogenic

Question 44

For an antigen to be recognized as foreign by an individual’s immune system, sufficient antigens to stimulate an immune response must be present

Answer 44

DEGRADABILITY

Question 45

↑ MW

Answer 45

↑ immunogenic

Question 46

the better the molecule will function as an antigen.

Answer 46

The higher the MW,

Question 47

The number of antigenic determinants on a molecule is directly related to its size.

Answer 47

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

Question 48

↑ stable

Answer 48

↑ immunogenic

Question 49

If a molecule is an effective antigen (?) is mandatory

Answer 49

structural stability

Question 50

(e.g., gelatin),the molecule will be a poor antigen

Answer 50

structural stability

Question 51

the greater is its effectiveness

Answer 51

COMPLEXITY

Question 52

substance that stimulates antibody formation

Answer 52

Antigens

Question 53

Antigens ex

Answer 53

protein, lipids, polysaccharides, nucleic acids

Question 54

macromolecules capable of triggering an adaptive immune response by inducing the formation of antibodies or sensitized T cells in an immunocompetent host\

Answer 54

Immunogens

Question 55

Immunogens ex

Answer 55

protein, large polysaccharides

Question 56

Antigenic but not immunogenic

Answer 56

Hapten

Question 57

a low-molecular-weight, nonantigenic substance that, when combined with an antigen, changes the antigenic specificity of that antigen

Answer 57

Hapten

Question 58

a. According to relation to host

Question 59

b. According to how the antigens are found in the body

Question 60

c. According to their ability to stimulate immune response

Question 61

d. According to serologic behavior

Question 62

– same individual

Answer 62

Autologous

Question 63

– identical -- of the host

Answer 63

Syngeneic

Question 64

–same species

Answer 64

Allogeneic/homologous/isoantigen

Question 65

– animals

Answer 65

Xenogeneic

Question 66

– unrelated plants and animals

Answer 66

Heterophile

Question 67

cross-reacts with Abs

Answer 67

Heterophile

Question 68

– different species giving the same response

Answer 68

Heteroantigen/Heterogeneic

Question 69

- hidden antigens; not capable of inducing self-tolerance

Answer 69

Sequestered

Question 70

– characteristic of one tissue/cell; associated with autoimmunity

Answer 70

Tissue-specific

Question 71

– MHC/HLA

Answer 71

Tissue type

Question 72

– ABO, Rh

Answer 72

Blood group

Question 73

- protein; indirect stimulation

Answer 73

T-dependent

Question 74

- polysaccharide; direct stimulation

Answer 74

T-independent

Question 75

– able to elicit T-cell responses by circumventing normal Ag processing and presentation functions

Answer 75

Super antigens

Question 76

ability to bind to invariant region of Class II

Answer 76

Super antigens

Question 77

B- chain of the B cell Ag receptor

Answer 77

Super antigens

Question 78

with 3 constant domains

Answer 78

IgG. IgA, IgE

Question 79

pentamer

Answer 79

IgM

Question 80

complement fixation

Answer 80

IgG. IgM

Question 81

secretons

Answer 81

IgA

Question 82

a. According to relation to the host

Question 83

b. According to production in immune response

Question 84

c. According to serologic behaviour

Question 85

d. According to temperature reaction

Question 86

– react with many RBCs

Answer 86

Polyagglutinin

Question 87

– react against all reagent cells in an Ab panel rather specific cells

Answer 87

Panagglutinin

Question 88

– formed after exposure to environmental agents

Answer 88

Naturally-occurring

Question 89

– sensitization (transfusion, pregnancy)

Answer 89

Immune

Question 90

– streptolysin O and S

Answer 90

Hemolysin

Question 91

Warm reacting –

Answer 91

IgG

Question 92

Cold reacting –

Answer 92

IgM

Question 93

e. According to biologic fixation

Question 94

f. According to clonal production

Question 95

– against viral surface Ags

Answer 95

Neutralizing antibody

Question 96

– mast cells/basophils and eosinophils

Answer 96

Allergic/reaginic antibody

Question 97

heavy chain

Answer 97

a. Isotypes

Question 98

constant chain

Answer 98

b. Idiotypes

Question 99

variable regions

Answer 99

c. Allotypes

Question 100

main Ab directed

Answer 100

a. Classical

Question 101

with Ab

Answer 101

b. Alternate c. Mannose-binding lectin

Question 102

early defense

Answer 102

b. Alternate

Question 103

Excess Ab; Serum dilution

Answer 103

Prozone

Question 104

Excess Ag; Repeat test

Answer 104

Postzone

Question 105

has the ability to bind to an antibody or a T lymphocytes antigen receptor

Answer 105

Antigens

Question 106

may not be able to evoke an immune response initially (e.g., haptens)

Answer 106

Antigens