Post Test 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What must all mRNA’s have in order to perform translation?
Start codon (AUG)
Shine-Dalgarno Sequence
What does the start codon determine?
how the mRNA will be read by the ribosome
Can you give antibiotics to patients infected with EHEC 0157:H7, why?
No, because the production of shiga toxin will increase
Why is important that we study bacteriophage?
Discovery of genome editing (CRISPR CAS-9)- ex. Strep. Pneumoniae
Transduction- they allow bacteria to evolve through HGT- ex. EHEC
What do bacteriophages look like? Anthropomorphize lol
Spaceships
What do bacteriophage do?
Bind a receptor on the bacteria and inject their nucleic acid into the bacteria
How can bacterial viruses replicate?
bacterial viruses can integrate into the bacterial chromosome, forming a prophage
In bacterial virus replication, what happens with the genome once it is integrated into the bacterial chromosome?
the viral genome can get replicated with the bacterial chromosome
How does the Baltimore classification system work?
Classifies viruses based on their genomes and how they replicate
Where do DNA viruses replicate?
In the nucleus-most of the time
What is an example of + RNA virus?
SARS CoV-2
What is an example of a - RNA virus?
Influenza
What does + and - stranded mean?
it refers to whether the RNA can be used directly for translation/ its ability to act as mRNA
What are some physical elements of the innate immunity?
In-tact skin, peristalsis, blinking, and swallowing
What are some chemical characteristics of innate immunity?
Mucous, enzymes (lysosomes), and pH of stomach
What is a characteristic of the microbiological component of the innate immunity ?
Microbiota
What are the molecules of our innate immunity that act as chemical communication molecules that determine the nature of our immune responses?
Cytokines and chemokines
Which division of our immune system reacts very quickly to danger signals and is what’s what we are born with?
Innate immunity
What kind of cells are prevalent to our adaptive immunity?
B and T
What do B cells produce?
Antibodies
What type of organism are B and T cells first found in?
Fishes —>
What process makes B and T cells differentiate between organisms?
Somatic recombination
What is somatic recombination?
Process by which DNA is rearranged to specialize B and T cells
