postcranial osteology

Question 1

What comprises the axial skeleton?

Answer 1

Thorax/trunk:

vertebral column, sternum, ribs

Question 2

What composes the vertebral column?

Answer 2

Vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx

Question 3

What is the vertebrae?

Answer 3

24 repeated bones

Question 4

What is the sacrum?

Answer 4

part of pelvic girdle

Question 5

what is the coccyx?

Answer 5

tail bone

Question 6

Which of the following is the articular facet?

Answer 6

Question 7

which of the following is the spinous process?

Answer 7

Question 8

which of the following is the vertebral foramen?

Answer 8

Question 9

Which of the following is the transverse process?

Answer 9

Question 10

which of the following is the centrum (body)?

Answer 10

Question 11

How many bones make up the cervical vertebrae, where are they, and what are their features?

Answer 11

7 bones

They are neck verts

They are the smallest verts

They all have transverse foramen

Question 12

What is special about C1 & C2

Answer 12

they are functionally specialized & morphologically distinctive

Question 13

What is C1, and what is a feature of it?

Answer 13

It is the atlas

It has no centrum

Question 14

What is C2?

Answer 14

The axis of head rotation

Question 15

How many thoracic vertebrae are there, which verts are they, and what are their features?

Answer 15

12 bones.

rib verts

Medium sized vertebrae

all have rib articular facets on side of centrum

some have facets on transverse process

Question 16

How many lumbar vertebrae are there, what verts are they, and what are their features?

Answer 16

5 bones

lower back verts

largest verts

no transverse foramina

no rib facets

Question 17

how many bones comprise the sacrum?

Answer 17

5 fused vertebrae

Question 18

how many bones comprise the coccyx?

Answer 18

4 fused vertebrae

Question 19

what are ala (wings)?

Answer 19

sacro-iliac joint surfaces

articulate with r & l os coxa to form the pelvic girdle

Question 20

How many bones make up the sternum, what does it form?

Answer 20

comprised of 3 bones

forms anterior attachment for ribs

Question 21

label 1-5

Answer 21

1. maubrium
2. body
3. ant
4. xiphoid
5. clavicular notch

Question 22

How many bones comprise the ribs, and how many pairs are there?

Answer 22

24 bones, 12 pairs

Question 23

what is the purpose of the ribs

Answer 23

form a protective cage around the heart and lungs

Question 24

label the right 2 points.

Answer 24

Question 25

starting from top left, to top right, to bottom, label the parts of the rib bone.

Answer 25

Question 26

what is the shoulder girdle?

Answer 26

part of the appendicular skeleton

Question 27

how many segments are in the forelimb?

Answer 27

3 segments

Question 28

what are the 3 segments of the forelimb?

Answer 28

the upper arm, forearm, and hand

Question 29

what is the radius?

Answer 29

the lateral bone of the forearm

Question 30

what is the humerus?

Answer 30

the upper arm bone

Question 31

what is the ulna?

Answer 31

the medial bone of the forearm

Question 32

what is the hand?

Answer 32

the distal segment of the forelimb

Question 33

what are phalanges?

Answer 33

fingers. 14 very short cylindrical bones

Question 34

what are metacarpals?

Answer 34

hand 5 short cylindrical bones

Question 35

what are carpals?

Answer 35

wrist 7 small rounded bones

Question 36

what is the pelvis (pelvic girdle)?

Answer 36

joins lower limb to trunk composed of R & L os coxa; sacrum

Question 37

what is the os coxa?

Answer 37

irregular bones composed of 3 parts (separate bones in subadults)

Question 38

what are the 3 parts of the os coxa?

Answer 38

Question 39

what are the 3 segments of the hindlimbs?

Answer 39

1. thigh, femur, patella 2. leg, tibula, fibula 3. foot

Question 40

what is the femur?

Answer 40

thigh bone

Question 41

what is the patella?

Answer 41

knee cap

Question 42

what is the tibia?