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Human Anatomy > Posterior Back And Shoulder > Flashcards

Posterior Back And Shoulder Flashcards

(113 cards)

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1
Q

Action of Trapezius

A

Descending part elevates scapula, ascending part depresses scapula, middle retracts scapula. Descending and ascending parts act together to rotate the glenoid cavity superiorly

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2
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

Medial part of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T12

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3
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Acromion, lateral third of clavicle, and spine of scapula

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4
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus.

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5
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

Spinous Processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and last 3 ribs, inferior angle of the scapula

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

bicipital groove

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7
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

elevate scap, rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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8
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse processes of C1-C4

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9
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula from superior angle

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10
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular (C4,C5) and cervical nerve (C3,C4)

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11
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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12
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) and C3, C4 spinal nerves

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13
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor action

A

Retract scap, rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly.

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14
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

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15
Q

Rhomboid Minor Origin

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 and T1 vertebrae

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16
Q

Rhomboid Major Insertion

A

medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

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17
Q

Rhomboid Minor Insertion

A

medial end of scapular spine

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18
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor Innvervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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19
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior Action

A

Superior muscle elevates ribs while the inferior portion depresses ribs, also proprioceptive

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20
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Origin

A

spinous processes of C7 to T3

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21
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin

A

spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of T11 to L2

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22
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion

A

posterior surface of ribs 2-5

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23
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion

A

posterior surface of ribs 9-12

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24
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation

A

Intercostal nerves (T2-T5)

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25
Splenius Cervicis & Captis Action
Unilateral= ipsilateral lateral flexion/rotation Biilateral= extension of head/neck Maintain posture, help control vertebral column
26
Splenius Cervicis Origin
spinous processes of T3 to T6
27
Splenius Cervicis insertion
tubercles of transverse processes of C1 to C3 or C4 vertebrae
28
Splenius Cervicis & Capitis innervation
dorsal rami of spinal nerve roots of C2-C8
29
Iliocostalis Action
extending spine, laterally flex spine
30
Iliocostalis Origin
broad tendon of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum
31
Iliocostalis Insertion
superior to angles of lower ribs and cervical processes
32
Iliocostalis Innervation
dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C3–L5)
33
Longissimus Action
extending spine, laterally flex spine
34
Longissimus Origin
broad tendon of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum
35
Longissimus Insertion
superior to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions
36
Longissimus Innervation
dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C3–L5)
37
Spinalis Muscle Action
Anteriorly tilt pelvis, extending spine, laterally flex spine
38
Spinalis Origin
broad tendon of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum
39
Spinalis Insertion
superior to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, to mastoid process in temporal bone
40
Spinalis Innervation
dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C3–L5)
41
Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, and thoracis) Action
Extension and contralateral rotation of head, cervical, and thoracic regions
42
Semispinalis Origin
transverse processes of C4 to T12
43
Semispinalis insertion
posterior occipital bone below superior nuchal line
44
Semispinalis (capris, cervicis, and thoracis) Innervation
dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C1-T6)
45
Multifidus Action
extension, ipsilateral lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the spine
46
Multifidus Origin
posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine, erector spinae aponeurosis, sacro-iliiac ligs, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, tranverse processes of T1-T3, articular process C4-C7
47
Multifidus Insertion
entire length of spinous processes
48
Multifidus Innervation
posterior rami of C3-C7
49
Rotatores longus and brevis (cervicis and thoracis) action
Proprioceptive
50
Interspinales action
Proprioceptive
51
Levatores Costarum longus and brevis) action
Proprioceptive
52
Rectus capitis posterior major action
extends and rotates head to same side
53
Rectus capitis posterior major Origin
Spinous process C2
54
Rectus capitis posterior major Insertion
lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone
55
Rectus capitis posterior major innervation
suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)
56
Rectus capitis posterior minor action
Extends head
57
Rectus capitis posterior minor Origin
tubercle of posterior arch of C1 (atlas)
58
Rectus capitis posterior minor Insertion
inferior nuchal line of occipital bone
59
Rectus capitis posterior minor Innervation
suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)
60
Obliquus capitis inferior action
rotates atlas to turn face to same side
61
Obliquus capitis inferior Origin
posterior tubercle of posterior arch of vertebra C2 (axis)
62
Obliquus capitis inferior Insertion
Transverse process of vertebra C1 (atlas)
63
Obliquus capitis inferior Innervation
suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)
64
Obliquus capitis superior action
extends and bends head laterally
65
Obliquus capitis superior Origin
Transverse process C1
66
Obliquus capitis superior Insertion
Occipital bone between both superior and inferior nuchal lines
67
Obliquus capitis superior innervation
suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)
68
Sternocleidomastoid action
Unilateral= lateral flexion, contralateral rotation Bilateral= flexes neck down to sternum, and also flexes/protudes chin while extending neck slightly (lying down)
69
Sternocleidomastoid Origin
Manubrium, clavicular head, posterior surface of medial first part of clavicle
70
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Mastoid process and superior nuchal line of occiptal bone
71
Sternocleidomastoid innervation
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
72
supraspinatus action
abducts arm, also acts with rotator cuff muscles
73
teres minor action
laterally rotates arm, acts with rotator cuff muscles
74
teres minor origin
middle part of lateral border of scapula
75
teres minor insertion
Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
76
teres minor innervation
axillary nerve (C5, C6)
77
teres major origin
Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
78
teres major innervation
Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
79
infraspinatus insertion
middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
80
Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation
Intercostal nerves (T9-T12)
81
splenius capitis origin
nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C3 to T3 vertebrae
82
splenius capitis insertion
lateral aspect of mastoid process and lateral third of superior nuchal line
83
semispinalis cervicis origin
transverse processes of T1 to T6
84
semispinalis cervicis insertion
posterior surfaces of transverse processes of vertebrae C2-C5
85
Semispinalis origin
arises from transverse processes of C4-T12 vertebrae.
86
semispinalis capitis insertion
between superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone
87
supraspinatus origin
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
88
supraspinatus insertion
superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
89
supraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)
90
infraspinatus origin
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
91
infraspinatus action
laterally rotates arm, acts with rotator cuff muscles
92
subscapularis action
medially rotates arm, as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity
93
subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa (most anterior surface of scapula)
94
subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
95
subscapularis innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)
96
teres major insertion
medial lip of intertubercle sulcus of humerus
97
teres major action
Adducts and medially rotates arm
98
Deltoid (Clavicular, acromial, and spinal) action
Clavicular (anterior) part: flexes and medially rotates arm Acromial (middle) part: abducts arm Spinal (posterior) part: extends and laterally rotates arm
99
Deltoid origin
Lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula
100
Deltoid insertion
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
101
deltoid innervation
axillary nerve (C5, C6)
102
serratus anterior action
protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula
103
serratus anterior origin
external surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs
104
serratus anterior insertion
anterior surface of medial border of scapula
105
serratus anterior innervation
long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
106
triceps brachii origin
long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove Medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
107
triceps insertion
proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
108
triceps innervation
radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
109
triceps action
chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus; especially important during adduction
110
Anconeus origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
111
Anconeus insertion
lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
112
Anconeus innervation
radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)
113
Anconeus action
assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; may abduct ulna during pronation

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