Potential exam questions Flashcards by Rodwan Halimi

What dose of clindamycin should be prescribed?

7.5 mg/kg -> 300mg

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How often should clindamycin be taken?

8 hourly for 5 days

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What dose of metronidazole should be prescribed?

10 mg/kg -> 400mg

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How often should metronidazole be taken?

12 hourly for 5 days

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What is the difference between a cvek pulpotomy and a normal pulpotomy?

A cvek pulpotomy is a pulpotomy in which the affected pulp is removed until 1 - 3mm below the inflamed pulp tissue.

A pulpotomy is the removal of pulp tissue from the pulp chamber

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What is the treatment of a complicated crown fracture in primary teeth?

Primary teeth: Extract or refer to paeds. Paeds will do a cvek pulpotomy and restore.

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What is the prevalence of MIH?

1 in 6

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What is a Turner tooth?

A tooth that has reduced enamel thickness (hypoplasia) caused by infection or trauma in primary tooth affecting the permanent tooth as it’s developing.

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What are the indications for a stainless steel crown?

Multisurface carious lesions affecting >3 surfaces. >2 under GA

High caries risk

Following pulp therapy

Defects of enamel

Fractures

Evidence of bruxism

Greater than 2/3rds root structure remaining

No pulpal pathology

Posterior tooth marginal ridge breakdown with no root caries?

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Name 2 types of dental materials that have fluoride in them and the concentration of fluoride in them:

Fluoride varnish = 22600 ppm

Normal toothpaste = 1000 - 1500 ppm

Neutrafleur5000 = 5000 ppm

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What is the difference between hypomineralisation and hypoplasia?

Hypomineralisation = qualitative defect of enamel

Hypoplasia = quantitative defect of enamel

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What are the 3 types of amelogenesis imperfecta and how are they different?

Hypoplastic

Hypomineralised

Hypomature

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What is the maximum dose of articaine?

7mg/kg like lidocaine

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What is the cause of discolouration in primary teeth?

Trauma

Developmental defect

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Name 2 conditions caused by cocksakie A virus:

Herpangina

Hand foot and mouth disease

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What is the function of the vasoconstrictor in anaesthetics?

Reduce bleeding

Decrease systemic level of LA (decrease toxicity)

How does silver diamine fluoride work?

Bactericidal to cariogenic bacteria (Primarily strep mutans)

Inhibits growth of cariogenic biofilms on teeth

Remineralisation increased and decreased demineralisation

What is the concentration of fluoride in silver diamine fluoride?

44800ppm

What is subluxation and how is it treated?

Damage to PDL fibers leading to loosening and mobility

Treated conservatively with soft diet, analgesia, ongoing review and monitoring

What is avulsion? How is it treated?

Avulsion is when the tooth is completely removed from the socket,

Treated by cleaning the wound and suturing, If tooth is a primary tooth DO NOT REPLANT.

What is the calcification date of the maxillary lateral incisors?

10 - 12 months

When do the maxillary lateral incisors erupt?

8 - 9 years

What is the calcification date of maxillary first premolars?

18 - 24 months

When do the maxillary first premolars erupt?

10 - 11 years

What is the calcification date of the maxillary third molars?

7 - 9 years

When do the maxillary third molars erupt?

17 - 30 years

How should a spreading odontogenic infection be treated?

Metronidazole 400mg 12 hourly for 5 days + either: Penicillin V 12.5mg/kg up to 500mg 6 hourly for 5 days Or Amoxycillin 15mg/kg up to 500 mg 8 hourly for 5 days

How should a spreading odontogenic infection be treated in people hypersensitive to penicillins?

Clindamycin 7.5 mg/kg up to 300 mg 8 hourly for 5 days

What is the formula for calculating maximum LA dosage?

Max dose (ml) = Max dose (mg/kg) x (weight (kg)/10)x (1/concentration of LA)

Name 3 medicaments used in pulpotomies and give pros and cons of using each:

Formocresol: Adv: very high effectiveness (90 - 100% success rate) Disadv: Carcinogenic Ferric sulphate: Adv: Equivalent clinical and radiographic performance to formocresol, operator and patient friendly, and financially viable. Disadv: Induces inflammation, and technique sensitive MTA: Adv: Biocompatible, better seal than ZOE or amalgam, stimulates hard tissue formation Disadv: Difficult to place and remove, long setting time, discolouration of the tooth, expensive

What is the dose of ibuprofen used for pain management?

5 - 10 mg/kg 6 - 8 hourly (max daily dose 2400)

What is the dose of paracetamol prescribed?

15 mg/kg 4 - 6 hourly

What are the skeletal indicators of anterior open bite?

Increased anterior open bite Steep mandibular plane Excessive vertical growth of maxilla Downward rotation of the mandible Excessive eruption of posterior teeth

What causes anterior open bite?

Skeletal: Maxilla that has grown more posteriorly compared to anteriorly tipping the mandible downward and backwards. Short mandibular ramus leading to downward backward rotation of mandible. Dental: Thumb sucking leading to labial tipping of upper incisors and lingual tipping of mandibular incisors. Reduced eruption of incisors and overeruption of posterior teeth

How can anterior open bite be treated?

Cease the thumb sucking habit. Skeletal problems more complex refer to ortho. Tx is to prevent downward growth of the maxilla and further eruption of posterior teeth in both arches. This is done via high pull headgear to maxillary molars, splint, or functional appliance. Surgical treatment can also be used for vertical problems

What are the features of a skeletal deep bite?

Anterior deep bite Mandibular deficiency Class II div 2 malocclusion Reduced lower face height Everted and prominent lips Low mandibular plane angle Long mandibular ramus Decreased eruption of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth Anteriorly directed growth pattern with upward and forward rotation of the mandible

What is the cause of a deep bite?

Skeletal: caused by growth pattern leading to long mandibular ramus, decreased gonial angle, flat mandibular plane, decreased eruption of posterior teeth, anteriorly directed growth pattern with upward and forward rotation of the mandible. Dental: Overeruption of the mandibular incisors

How is a deep bite treated?

In the case of skeletal deep bite the objective is to allow more eruption of the maxillary posterior teeth compared with the mandibular teeth and increasing the lower face height. This is done by using cervical pull headgear or a deep bite functional appliance. Deep bite functional appliance also improves A-P jaw relationship by controlling vertical movement of teeth during growth.

How does a deep bite functional appliance work?

It improves the A-P jaw relationship by controlling vertical movement of teeth during growth. Eruption of maxillary posterior teeth and incisors in both arches is blocked and so the mandibular teeth can erupt allowing levelling of the curve of spee.