Poultry Flashcards
Started Week 3 Day 6 (13 cards)
Topic: Infectious Laryngotracheitis
- What is the causative agent?
- What are the major clinical signs?
- Mortality can reach what %?
- How is this disease diagnosed?
- How is this treated?
- Prevention?
- Herpesvirus
- Dypsnea, coughing, rales, bloody tracheal discharge
- Up to 50%
- C/S, confirmed via IN inclusion bodies in tracheal epithelium or by viral isolation in tissue samples.
- Supportive care
- VACCINATE!
Why are we so concerned about HPAI?
While the highly pathogenic avian influenza strains can kill domestic ducks and poultry, they do not normally cause major public health issues unless they acquire the genes that allow them to attach to human respiratory mucosa and become pathogenic for humans. This is how a worldwide influenza pandemic could occur.
Topic: Marek’s Disease:
- Name the etiologic agent.
- List the clinical signs
- What diagnostics are run?
It is recommended to administer the Marek’s Disease vaccine at what time?
- Herpesvirus
- A.
B. Post-mortem: Grossly you would see an enlarged vagus and sciatic nerve as well as diffuse or nodular white tumors in the liver, spleen, gonads, heart, kidney, lung, or muscle, enlarged feather follicles, and an atrophied bursa.
C. The final diagnosis is usually made by isolating the herpesvirus from lymphocytes obtained from the buffy coat.
Administer the LIVE viral vaccine on day 18 of incubation via in ovo injection
What is the etiologic agent of infectious sinusitis?
How is it transmitted? What is this disease characterized by?
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Egg-transmitted; characterized by swollen, mucus-filled infraorbital sinuses in turkeys.
A backyard hen presents with a history of being previously active followed by sudden death with no premonitory signs. Gross examination reveals an obese hen with pale, friable liver and broad blood clots attached to the liver capsule and extending into the abdomen. There is no evidence of external trauma.
The most likely diagnosis is:
Fatty liver/hemorrhagic syndrome
Excess lipid accumulation in liver of hens can promote fractures and fatal hepatic hemorrhage.
Drastic changes in chicken feed should be avoided to prevent what condition?
- Name the etiologic agent
- Describe the pathogenesis
- How is this diagnosed?
Necrotic enteritis
- Clostridium perfringens
- Intestinal microecology is disturbed due to changes in feed or damage from pathogens or toxins –> Necrosis of SI mucosa –> acute enterotoxemia
- Diagnosis is made by finding large numbers of short, thick gram + rods in mucosal scrapings
What drug used to treat coccidiosis in poultry has the shorted withdrawal time?
Amprolium - it has 0 withdrawal time
What disease agent can be transmitted to humans through consumption of eggs?
Salmonella enteritidis
Initially only in the embryo but if eggs are not refrigerated the yolk membrane weakens allowing Salmonella to enter the yolk where it multiplies –> significant public health concern
You are examining a turkey flock that has been experiencing significant losses recently. Birds have been dying suddenly after exhibiting ataxia and weakness. Necropsy reveals diffuse darkening of the skin and enlarged and friable livers and spleens in affected animals. You perform an impression smear of the spleen and identify Gram-positive, slender, pleomorphic rods. What is your diagnosis? What is the most appropriate treatment for birds in this flock?
Erysipelas
IM sodium penicillin
Deep pectoral myopathy is also known as? What is it characterized by?
Green muscle disease. Deep pectoral myopathy (DPM) is a degenerative muscle disease. It is characterized by atrophy and necrosis of the deep pectoral muscle (the supracoracoideus) which is the primary elevator of the wing. Excessive wing flapping is thought to be the major cause.
Poxviruses are large _______ viruses that induce intra_________ _____________ inclusion bodies, known as ___________ bodies, in the _____________ cells of the integument, respiratory tract, and oral cavity. Dry pox affects the bird’s skin causing these scabby lesions on the body. The wet form affects the ?
Poxviruses are large DNA viruses that induce intracytoplasmic lipophilic inclusion bodies, known as Bollinger bodies, in the epithelial cells of the integument, respiratory tract, and oral cavity. Dry pox affects the bird’s skin causing these scabby lesions on the body. The wet form affects the upper respiratory tract, causing lesions in the mouth and throat.
Topic: Marek’s disease
- Signalment
- Etiology
- C/S?
- Dx
- Tx
- Prevention
- Chicks > 3 weeks of age
- Gallid alphaherpesvirus
- Flaccid paralysis, blindness, head tremors
- Swollen sciatic nerve, lymphoid tumors
- NONE; focus on vaccination and prevention
- Vaccination
Topic: Eimeria spp infection
just think hemorrhagic, bloodied intestinal contents in middle third of the intestine.
