Powerpoint Topics Flashcards
(19 cards)
Explain what it means when DNA is described as double-stranded and antiparallel
Right handed and going in opposite directions
Compare and contrast the differences between DNA and RNA
Explain and diagram the central dogma
The flow of information of DNA being transcribed to RNA then translated to protein
Explain how DNA replication occurs
The parental strands split into new synthesized daughter strands
Explain how transcription occurs
Initiation:
Elongation:
Elimination:
Describe the three major types of modification of the primary transcript in eukaryotes
5’ cap, 3’ polyadenylation, and splicing out introns
Discuss alternative splicing by which primary transcripts from the same gene may yield different protein products
mRNA transcripts from same gene can be spliced to yield different transcripts that code for different proteins
Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Explain the properties that determine primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure
Explain the roles of the major cellular components necessary for the process of translation
mRNA, ribosome, tRNAs, animoacyl tRNA synthetases, initiation factors, elongation factors, release factors
Explain the role of ribosomes int he process of translation
Small ribosome reads mRNA and the large ribosome joins the amino acids to form the protein
Explain how the correct reading frame is established in the cell
Relate the structure of tRNA to the process of translation
Describe the main properties of the genetic code
Describe the three steps of translation
Given a DNA sequence, identify the complementary RNA sequence, the anticodon on the tRNA, and the amino acid sequence that would result
Explain what it means for a gene to be expressed
Explain why the organization of the eukaryotic cell physically separates the processes of transcription and translation
