powers of the mind

Question 1

the cell body is also known as the?

Answer 1

soma

Question 2

it contains the nucleus and provides fuel, manufactures chemicals, and maintains the enitre neuron in working order

Answer 2

cell body / soma

Question 3

it carries away signals from the cell body to neighbouring neurons, organs, or muscles

Answer 3

axon

Question 4

it receives signals from other neurons, muscles, or sense organs and pass the signals toward the cell body

Answer 4

dendrites

Question 5

it is fatty material that insulates an axon and prevents interference from eletrical signals form adjacent axons

Answer 5

myelin sheath

Question 6

it is the small gap between the terminal button and its adjacent organ, muscle, or cell body

Answer 6

synapse

Question 7

it is the region where neurotransmitters are stored

Answer 7

terminal button

Question 8

these are spherical membrane packages that store neurotransmitter molecules ready for releases near synapses

Answer 8

synaptic vesicles

Question 9

these are molecules that are released from active neurons and influence the activity of other cells

Answer 9

neurotransmitters

Question 10

is it also called nerve cells or brain cells

Answer 10

neuron

Question 11

is it the basic functional units of the nervous system

Answer 11

neuron

Question 12

it transmits and receives electrical signals in the body

Answer 12

neurons

Question 13

how many neurons are there in birth?

Answer 13

100 billion

Question 14

it receives signals or information

Answer 14

sensory neuron

Question 15

it integrates incoming signals to determine whether or not the information should be passed along

Answer 15

interneuron

Question 16

it communicates signals to target cells such as other neurons or muscles or glands

Answer 16

motor neurons

Question 17

during prenatal development, the brain produces how many neurons per minute?

Answer 17

250,000

Question 18

this is when the more neurons ‘fire’, the more the axons and dendrites grow accustomed to each other, making connections easier to make

Answer 18

long term potentation

Question 19

t or f

practice and repetition build double connections

Answer 19

true

Question 20

it is a process by which neurons are generated from neural stem cells and progenitor cells

Answer 20

prenatal neurogenesis

Question 21

it is the regeneration of new adult neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus

Answer 21

neurogenesis for adults

Question 22

t or f

mature and young neurons encode the same types of information

Answer 22

false

Question 23

it is the brains ability to grow and change

Answer 23

neuroplasticity

Question 24

t or f

the brain is not plastic throughout our life and only until adoloscence

Answer 24

false

Question 25

if neurons are not used at appropriate times during brain development, their ability to make connections die. what process is this?

Answer 25

neural pruning

Question 26

it is cell death

Answer 26

apoptosis

Question 27

removes excess neurons in a safe neat and orderly way

Answer 27

apoptosis

Question 28

t or f necrosis is safer than apoptosis

Answer 28

false

Question 29

passive cell death that is triggered by external factors like traumatic injury, environmental toxins, and infectious agents

Answer 29

necrosis