PPL-Aerodynamics

Question 1

Coefficient of lift is generally determined by

Answer 1

Camber & AoA

Question 2

What are coupled moments

Answer 2

Interaction of two forces separated by a horizontal distance

Question 3

Where does the Centre of Pressure reach its forward limit on the wing

Answer 3

At the stalling angle

Question 4

The tendency in a climb while turning is to

Answer 4

overbank (because outside wing is faster and has > AoA)

Question 5

Why is there a tendency to underbank in a descent

Answer 5

Increase in AoA on inner wing outweighs effect of outer wing’s greater velocity

Question 6

What is adverse aileron yaw

Answer 6

tendency for the aircraft to yaw out of the turn as a result of the downward aileron having more induced drag

Question 7

Describe Frise type Ailerons

Answer 7

Uses offset hinges to deflect part of the upgoing aileron into the air on the underside of the wing (creating more drag)

Question 8

Describe differential ailerons

Answer 8

The up-going aileron travels further than the down-going aileron

Question 9

Describe what coupling the ailerons and rudder does

Answer 9

As the aileron moves, the rudder automatically moves to counteract the adverse yaw

Question 10

What is the equation for load factor

Answer 10

Lift/weight

Question 11

Define a spin

Answer 11

An aggravated stall with a wing-drop that results in autorotation (corkscrewing around a vertical axis)

Question 12

What defines a fully developed spin as opposed to an incipient spin

Answer 12

aircraft’s angular rotation rate, airspeed and vertical speed are stabilised

Question 13

When does a flat spin occur

Answer 13

When the mass of the aircraft is further away from the spin axis

Question 14

CAS=

Answer 14

IAS+IEC+PEC

Question 15

EAS=

Answer 15

CAS+CEC

Question 16

TAS=

Answer 16

EAS corrected for density error

Question 17

What effect does a higher airspeed have in a turn

Answer 17

Increase radius, decrease rate

Question 18

At a constant airspeed, the greater the bank angle, the …… the turn

Answer 18

tighter

Question 19

rate 1 turn=

Answer 19

180 degrees/min (3 dg/s)

Question 20

bank angle req for rate 1=

Answer 20

10% IAS + 7

Question 21

How does an increase in altitude affect turn performance

Answer 21

reduced density=increased TAS, therefore worse performance

Question 22

Max range is achieved at a speed which produces….

Answer 22

minimum drag

Question 23

range=

Answer 23

TAS/power or TAS/fuel flow

Question 24

Does weight have an effect on RoD

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

Maximum endurance is achieved at

Answer 25

minimum power or fuel flow

Question 26

What is the region of reverse command

Answer 26

speeds lower than that of the max endurance speed which require greater amounts of power just to maintain the airspeed

Question 27

What axis does longitudinal stability occur

Answer 27

lateral

Question 28

What axis does lateral stability occur

Answer 28

Longitudinal

Question 29

What axis does directional stability occur

Answer 29

normal

Question 30

In terms of longitudinal stability, what does moving the CoG forward do?

Answer 30

Increases it

Question 31

What does a sweptback wing do to lateral stability

Answer 31

increases it (because one wing has more of an effective span than the other)

Question 32

Which is stronger, lateral or directional stability

Answer 32

Directional

Question 33

What is a fixed balance tab

Answer 33

balance tab that is bent to a set position

Question 34

What is a horn balance

Answer 34

balance that protrudes into the airflow on the opposite side

Question 35

What is an anti-balance tab

Answer 35

Tab that moves in the same direction as the control surface, thus resisting control surface movements

Question 36

What is the purpose of an anti-balance tab

Answer 36

prevent stress of the aircraft through excessive handling of the controls

Question 37

What does a mass balance do

Answer 37

reduces flutter by moving CoG closer to the hinge line

Question 38

When taxiing in wind, the controls should be positioned in such a way that

Answer 38

they will not cause the aircraft to lift as a result of the wind (remember horizontal stabiliser is inverse to wings)

Question 39

An aircraft will tend to weathercock....

Answer 39

into wind

Question 40

Refer slide 97 of ADY lesson 1

Answer 40

.

Question 41

The slipstream effect (for clockwise viewed from the cockpit) tends to yaw the nose to the....

Answer 41

left

Question 42

The propellor torque effect acts to make the aircraft yaw to the...

Answer 42

left

Question 43

The greatest influence of wake turbulence is

Answer 43

the weight of the aircraft

Question 44

Aircraft with larger aspect ratios (long, skinny wings) tend to produce stronger/weaker wingtip vortices?

Answer 44

Weaker

Question 45

In terms of wake turbulence, decrease in IAS=

Answer 45

increase in wake turbulence

Question 46

In terms of wake turbulence, increase in AoA=

Answer 46

Increase in wake turbulence

Question 47

AVOID TOUCHDOWN AND ROTATION AREAS OF HEAVY AIRCRAFT AS A RESULT OF THE WAKE TURBULENCE PRODUCED

Answer 47

AVOID TOUCHDOWN AND ROTATION AREAS OF HEAVY AIRCRAFT AS A RESULT OF THE WAKE TURBULENCE PRODUCED

Question 48

When avoiding wake turbulence enroute, you should maintain what distance from the flight path

Answer 48

200' above and 1000' below

Question 49

What distances can thrust stream turbulence be felt

Answer 49

200m behind a medium jet | 600m behind a large jet

Question 50

To what range does ground effect occur

Answer 50

up to one wingspan

Question 51

The 2 core results of ground effect are

Answer 51

reduction in drag | increase in the lifting ability of the wing