aerodynamics basic

Question 0

coefficient of lift is determined by…

Answer 0

camber

AoA

Question 1

where does the point of maximum camber occur

Answer 1

where the distance between the camber line and chord line is greatest

Question 2

what makes a coupled moment

Answer 2

two opposite forces separated by a horizontal distance

Question 3

define the separation point

Answer 3

the point where airflow cant follow the streamline and acts in spastic directions

Question 4

as we get closer to the stall, what happens to the separation and transition point

Answer 4

get closer and closer to the leading edge

Question 5

the tendency to overbank in a climb is a result of…

Answer 5

the puter wing experiencing
greater velocity
greater AoA

Question 6

the tendency to underbank in a descending turn is a result of

Answer 6

the inner wing
lower velocity
higher AoA

Question 7

what are the three types of ailerons

Answer 7

frise ailerons
differential ailerons
coupling of ailerons ams rudder

Question 8

describe frise ailerons

Answer 8

offset hinges deflect aileron upward to create drag on that side

Question 9

describe differential ailerons

Answer 9

the up going aileron is deflected more than the down-going aileron

Question 10

describe what coupling the ailerons and rudders does

Answer 10

rudder automatically deflects with aileron movement to counteract adverse yaw

Question 11

what defines a spin

Answer 11

aggravated stall that results in a wing drop

Question 12

during a spin, one rotation + recovery =

Answer 12

800ft

Question 13

in a spin, one rotation =

Answer 13

300 ft

Question 14

why does a flat spin occur as opposed to a normal spin

Answer 14

aircraft centre of mass is further away from the spin axis

Question 15

why is the use of ailerons bad in the incipient (and all stages) of a spin

Answer 15

aileron creates higher AoA, thus creating drag on specific wing, thus dropping that wing (that was intended to go up) even more.

Question 16

what does IAS represent

Answer 16

dynamic pressure

1/2 x pv^2

Question 17

what is calibrated airspeed

Answer 17

IAS corrected for position error (position of pitot tube) and instrument error

Question 18

what is equivalent airpseed

Answer 18

CAS corrected for compressibility error

Question 19

what is TAS

Answer 19

true airspeed corrected for air density error (most likely due to temperature)

Question 20

at what speed and altitude is CAS EAS considered negligible

Answer 20

UP TO 200 kts and 10,000 ft

Question 21

how does a turn at low speed differ to turns at high speed

Answer 21

smaller turn radius

GREATER rate of turn

Question 22

what dictates a standard rate turn (rate 1)

Answer 22

3 degrees a second

180 degrees a minute

Question 23

how does am increase in altitude affect turn performance

Answer 23

decreases it (as a result of higher speed)

Question 24

turn rate=

Answer 24

AoB/TAS

Question 25

turn radius is proportional to

Answer 25

TAS^2/AoB

Question 26

for maximum range, what speed do we fly at

Answer 26

the speed with minimum drag (68 kts)

Question 27

range =

Answer 27

TAS/fuel flow. = distance/fuel flow

Question 28

drag =

Answer 28

power/TAS

Question 29

a headwind does what to glide distance

Answer 29

decreases it

Question 30

a tailwind does what to glide distance

Answer 30

increases it

Question 31

what affects rate of descent

Answer 31

weight

Question 32

does wind have an affect on rate of descent

Answer 32

no

Question 33

when is maximum endurance achieved

Answer 33

at minimum power for a given airspeed

Question 34

endurance =

Answer 34

flight time/amount of fuel

Question 35

what is the region of reverse command

Answer 35

and area of the power vs IAS graphs where more power is needed to stop airspeed dropping (rather than the point of max endurance where min power is needed to maintain airspeed)

Question 36

longitudinal STABILITY occurs on which axis

Answer 36

lateral axis

Question 37

later STABILITY occurs on which axis

Answer 37

longitudinal axis

Question 38

directional STABILITY occurs in which axis

Answer 38

normal axis

Question 39

what are the three types of stability

Answer 39

stable neutral unstable

Question 40

describe stable

Answer 40

object returns to original point

Question 41

describe neutral

Answer 41

object stays displaced until moved back

Question 42

describe unstable

Answer 42

object continues to become more and more displaced from the origin

Question 43

why are dihedral wings good

Answer 43

they improve lateral stability | more stable role

Question 44

why are sweepback wings good for lateral stability

Answer 44

because in a turn, there is less effective span on the higher wing, resulting in a more stable turn.

Question 45

is lateral stability of or directional stability stronger

Answer 45

directional

Question 46

what are the three types of balance tabs

Answer 46

aerodynamic automatic balance fixed

Question 47

describe aerodynamic tabs

Answer 47

--> horn balance, a horn protrudes in the opposite direction of the control surface deflected (on outer edge of c172 elevator)

Question 48

describe automatic balance

Answer 48

automatically moves in the opposite direction of surface deflection (c172 does this slightly)

Question 49

describe fixed tabs

Answer 49

tab that stays fixed | on the 172, is the rudder balance tab

Question 50

what are anti-balance tabs and what are their benifits

Answer 50

makes it harder to deflect surfaces, thus reducing airframe stress

Question 51

describe mass balance

Answer 51

mass placed inside control surfaces to move CoG closer to hinge line, thus reducing flutter

Question 52

what is ground looping and why is it dangerous

Answer 52

the weather-coking of tailwheel aircraft | if not corrected is almost impossible to recover from

Question 53

what is wheelbarrowing

Answer 53

high speed and excessive forward pressure resulting in the main wheels leaving the ground before the nose wheel

Question 54

what gyroscopic characteristic causes the aircraft to yaw to the left

Answer 54

precession | force displaced by 90 degrees (yaw to left)

Question 55

what variables are involved in the gyroscopic effect

Answer 55

blade mass rpm rate at which tail is lifted

Question 56

what is the p factor

Answer 56

more thrust is produced on the downgoing half of the propellor disc than the upgoing half

Question 57

p factor is strongest when

Answer 57

high power settings high AoA low airspeed