PPT 13 Neuroanatomy Flashcards

(80 cards)

1
Q

conduit for information to and from the brain

A

Central Nervous system

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2
Q

composed of the brain and spinal cord

A

Central nervous system

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3
Q

carries sensory and motor information to and from the body and cns

A

peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

the cerebrum is composed of ___ matter and ____ matter

A

grey and white

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5
Q

made up of cell bodies

A

grey matter

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6
Q

nerve tracts that connect parts of nervous system, myelin

A

white matter

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7
Q

what are the groove in the cortex called

A

sulci and fissures

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8
Q

bulges in cortex are termed

A

gyri

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9
Q

divides the right and left hemisphere

A

longitudinal fissure

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10
Q

what are the three major sulci

A

lateral sulcus, central sulcus, parietooccipital

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11
Q

separates the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe from the temporal lobe

A

lateral sulci

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12
Q

separates the frontal lobe from your parietal lobe

A

central sulcus

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13
Q

separates your parietal lobe from your occipital lobe

A

parietooccipital

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14
Q

connect your cortex to your sub cortex to your brainstem to your spinal cord

A

projection fibers

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15
Q

starts at the cortex and end at the spinal tract

A

cortical spinal track

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16
Q

goes from the cortex to the brainstem

A

cortical bulbar

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17
Q

connect your left hemisphere to your right hemisphere

A

commissural fibers

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18
Q

one of the commissural fibers that connects the left to the right hemisphere

A

corpus callosum

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19
Q

connect structures within the same hemisphere

A

association fibers

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20
Q

_____ association fibers connect structures that are beside one another

A

shorter U-fibers

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21
Q

connects structures that are distanced from one another within the same hemisphere

A

longer U-fibers

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22
Q

list the 5 cerebral lobes

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insular

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23
Q

located at the anterior aspect of both hemispheres

A

frontal lobes

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24
Q

which lobe is responsible for judgement, reasoning, personality, intellectual functioning, abstract thinking and long term memory

A

frontal lobes

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25
what are the motor areas in the frontal lobe
primary motor area, supplementary motor area
26
important for sequencing your motor movements
supplementary motor area
27
aka the inferior frontal gyrus
Broca's area
28
confluent speech, dsyprosody, associated with apraxia and dysarthria, comprehension better than production are all characteristics of _____
Broca's aphasia
29
most of the motor movements controlled by the primary motor cortex are for your
hand, face, and oral cavity
30
inferior to lateral sulcus
temporal lobe
31
hearing center located in upper half of anterior two thirds of lobe
temporal lobe
32
primary auditory area is responsible for which functions
specific tone discrimination, loudness, quality of sound
33
the secondary auditory area is responsible for
interpreting the meaning of the spoken word and music
34
which specific language area is located inside of the temporal lobe
wernike's area
35
which specific language are lies posterior part of superior temporal lobe, is important for integration of sensory input, developed in only one hemisphere
wernicke's area
36
t/f Broca's area and wernike's area are developed in both hemispheres
false
37
what is the primary somatosensory cortex responsible for
receiving input from receptors located throughout the body
38
what is the secondary somatosensory cortex responsible for
receiving input that has already been processed in deeper brain
39
what are the sensory inputs of the parietal lobe
shape, size, weight, texture, consistency as well as touch, pressure, and position
40
refers to sensory information from different parts of your body
somatosensory
41
the primary visual cortex of the occipital lobe is responsible for
receiving most direct signal from the eyes
42
the secondary visual cortex of the occipital lobe is responsible for
visual association area, vision and meaning of written word interpreted
43
which lobe is responsible for interpreting your visual stimulus
occipital lobe
44
what is referred to as the 5th lobe
insular cortex
45
which lobe can't be seen for the surface and is located at the bottom of the lateral sulcus
insular cortex
46
t/f all sensory and motor tracts cross the body's midline
true
47
called the little brain
cerebellum
48
the cerebellum is covered with
cerebellar cortex
49
the cerebellum is divided by the
vermis
50
cerebellar connections to the spinal cord, brain stem, and forebrain are represented by
3 cerebellar peduncles
51
is involved ion the coordination of movement and motor learning
cerebellum
52
membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
meninges
53
provide protection against the rough surface of the skull, cushions brain against external forces
meninges
54
outer thigh later, name meaning tough mother
dura mater
55
the middle layer, overlies the arachnoid space, blood vessels run through arachnoid layer
arachnoid mater
56
the inner layer, overlies every detail of the outer brain
pia mater
57
double layered, whitish, inelastic, fibrous membrane
dura mater
58
subdural space between dura and arachnoid contains lubricating fluid that prevents adhesion
dura mater
59
the middle covering that is "spider web like"
arachnoid
60
membranes form the cisterns of the ___ space
subarachnoid
61
gives shape of gyri, sulci
pia mater
62
innermost, meshlike, vascular layer
pia mater
63
difficult to separate from the gray matter, very finely attached
pia mater
64
potential space between dura and skull
epidural space
65
potential space between dura and arachnoid layer
subdural space
66
space between arachnoid and Pia mater; contains CSF, blood vessels, circle of willis
subarachnoid space
67
at the base of the brain, direct csf upward over the cerebral hemispheres
cisterns
68
substance which the brain floats in as it provides cushion
cerebrospinal fluid
69
helps remove byproducts of metabolism
cerebrospinal fluid
70
flows around the cerebral hemispheres
cerebrospinal fluid
71
an excess amount of CSF in the brain
Hydrocephalus
72
CSF is shunted to the abdominal cavity where it is absorbed into the blood supply
Shunting
73
list the three types of stroke
thrombotic, embolic, hemorrhagic
74
the blood clot is developed inside the brain, it could be on any blood vessels that is supplying directly to the brain
thrombotic
75
there is a free floating clot in the heart or neck and it travels to reach the brain. People who have clots in their heart, a part of the blot breaks off and flows to the brain and causes a stroke
embolic
76
the blood clot has ruptured the blood vessels and there is an active bleeding in the brain. It effects the blood vessels and there is an active bleed
hemorrhagic
77
which type of stroke is most often fatal
hemorrhagic
78
abnormal dilation of artery
aneurysm
79
usually due to hypertension
arterial hemorrhage
80