PPT 3 Muscles of Respiration

Question 1

breathing requires what type of effort to move the rib cage

Answer 1

muscular

Question 2

the primary muscle of inspiration

Answer 2

diaphragm

Question 3

what separates the thorax from the abdomen

Answer 3

diaphragm

Question 4

a sheet like tendon

Answer 4

central tendon

Question 5

what way is the diaphragm pulled during inspiration

Answer 5

downward

Question 6

during inspiration the lungs are expanded in the

Answer 6

vertical dimension

Question 7

what is the origin of the diaphragm

Answer 7

xiphoid process

Question 8

what is the insertion of the diaphragm

Answer 8

central tendon

Question 9

origin of the external and internal intercostals

Answer 9

ribs 1-11

Question 10

insertion of the external and internal intercostals

Answer 10

upper surface of the rib below

Question 11

origin of the pectoralis major

Answer 11

sternum at costal cartilages and clavicle

Question 12

insertion of the pectoralis major

Answer 12

humerus (arm)

Question 13

origin of the pectoralis minor

Answer 13

ribs 3-5

Question 14

insertion of the pectoralis minor

Answer 14

scapula

Question 15

origin of the serratus anterior

Answer 15

ribs 1-9

Question 16

insertion of the serratus anterior

Answer 16

scapula

Question 17

also known as the boxing muscle

Answer 17

serratus anterior

Question 18

why are the accessory neck muscles important

Answer 18

important for respiration, source of stability, control neck flexion and extension

Question 19

the two specific muscles of the neck are

Answer 19

sternocleidomastoid muscle and scalene

Question 20

origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 20

sternum

Question 21

insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 21

mastoid

Question 22

origin of the scalene muscles

Answer 22

cervicle spine

Question 23

insertion of the scalene muscles

Answer 23

ribs 1-2

Question 24

list the abdominal muscles

Answer 24

rectus abdominis, obliquus externus, transversus abdominus

Question 25

diaphragm lowers and muscles of inspiration expand the thoracic cavity

Answer 25

inspiration

Question 26

air pressure in the lungs is greater than atmospheric air pressure forcing air to rush out

Answer 26

exhalation

Question 27

gravity acting on elevated rib cage and elasticity of lung tissue help to return the Thorax and lungs to their relaxed state and ready to begin the next respiratory cycle

Answer 27

tidal breathing

Question 28

differs in numbers of breaths per minute (fewer), increased exhalation time, more air exchanged during a respiratory cycle

Answer 28

speech breathing

Question 29

rate and depth of breathing is determined by what

Answer 29

the CO2 and oxygen levels in the blood

Question 30

for Boyles law when volume increases pressure _

Answer 30

decreases

Question 31

volume changes by physiological behaviors of muscle (muscular effort) to increase the

Answer 31

thoracic cavity

Question 32

during respiration the diaphragm contracts and moves

Answer 32

downward

Question 33

when the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, lung volume _ and the pulmonic pressure _

Answer 33

increases, decreases

Question 34

when air rushes into the lungs the atmospheric pressure is

Answer 34

higher

Question 35

when the diaphragm relaxes and the passive forces of exhalation occur the lungs volume _ and the pulmonic pressure _

Answer 35

decreases, increases

Question 36

when air rushes out of the lungs, the atmospheric pressure is

Answer 36

lower

Question 37

separating the respiratory system into parts, so that we can obtain an estimated amount of air each compartment can hold

Answer 37

volumes

Question 38

more functional units, combinations of volumes that express physiological limits

Answer 38

capacities

Question 39

list the four types of volumes

Answer 39

tidal, inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, residual

Question 40

quantity of air inhaled in 1 cycle of respiration

Answer 40

tidal volume

Question 41

amount inhaled after inhaling

Answer 41

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 42

amount exhaled after exhaling

Answer 42

expiratory reserve volume

Question 43

left over after expiratory reserve volume

Answer 43

residual volume

Question 44

breathing rate of infants

Answer 44

30-80 breaths/minute

Question 45

breathing rate of preschoolers

Answer 45

20-30 breaths/minute

Question 46

breathing rate of adults

Answer 46

12 to 18 per/minute

Question 47

what causes the discrepancy of breaths/minutes thru the lifespan

Answer 47

the thorax expands during development and thus is stretches the lungs beyond their natural volume and babies have a fewer number of alveoli thus they must exchange gasses more quickly to meet their metabolic needs

Question 48

name the four respiratory capacities

Answer 48

inspiratory, functional residual, vital, total lung

Question 49

everything we can inhale above IC= TV+ IRV

Answer 49

inspiratory capacity

Question 50

the amount of air left after exhaling FRC= ERV+ RV

Answer 50

functional residual capacity

Question 51

the quantity of air available for respiration= max inhale after max exhale VC = IRV+TV=ERV`

Answer 51

vital capacity

Question 52

everything your lungs are capable of holding TLC= IRV + TV + ERV + RV

Answer 52

total lung capacity

Question 53

individual breathes into the tube causing a volume of water to be displaced, spirogram- graphic recording of spirometer

Answer 53

wet spirometer

Question 54

individual breathes into a U-shaped tube full of water

Answer 54

manometer

Question 55

the 5 pressures for non speech and speech functions

Answer 55

alveolar, intrapleural, sub glottal, intraoral, atmospheric

Question 56

atmosphere enters pressure on the surface of the earth

Answer 56

atmospheric pressure

Question 57

pressure within the lungs, measured in the individual alveolus

Answer 57

alveolar or pulmonic pressure

Question 58

the pressure b/t the parietal and visceral pleurae

Answer 58

pleural or intrapleural pressure

Question 59

the pleural pressure throughout respiration has what charge

Answer 59

negative

Question 60

pressure below the vocal folds

Answer 60

subglottal pressure

Question 61

pressure that could be measured within the mouth

Answer 61

intraoral pressure