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Foster > Ppts #3 NP 2 > Flashcards

Ppts #3 NP 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Electrical transmission occurs at what 4 kinds of structures of the body?

A

In smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glial cells and some neurons of the brain

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2
Q

Chemical transmission occurs at what structure of the body?

A

Axon terminals of cells

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3
Q

How are the cells held together?

A

Cell adhesive proteins - synaptic cleft

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4
Q

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that aids in muscle contraction?

A

Acetylcholine

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5
Q

What are four kinds of neurotransmitters?

A

Acetylcholine
Biogenic amines
Amino acids
Neuropeptides

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6
Q

What are 2 biogenic amines?

A

Catecholamine

Indolamine

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7
Q

What are 2 biogenic amines?

A

Catecholamine

Indolamine

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8
Q

Another name for biogenic amine?

A

Monoamine

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9
Q

Neurotransmitters effects are terminated via what three things?

A

Enzymatic degregation
Reuptake into presynaptic neuron
Diffusion away from synapse

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10
Q

______ summation: multiple neurons release neurotransmitters to one postsynaptic neuron. ______ summation: one presynaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters to postsynaptic neuron.

A

Spatial

Temporal

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11
Q

Which two neurotransmitters binds to beta adrenergic receptors?

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

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12
Q

What neurotransmitter predominantly binds to alpha adrenergic receptors?

A

Norepinephrine

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13
Q

Is alpha or beta adrenergic receptors responsible for: increase blood pressure, pupillary dilation, vasoconstriction of smooth muscle in arterioles to visceral organs. ?

A

Alpha adrenergic receptors

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14
Q

Is alpha or beta adrenergic receptors responsible for: increase cardiac and skeletal muscle force of contraction, increase HR, bronchodilation.?

A

Beta adrenergic receptors

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15
Q

Name 3 catecholamines

A

Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

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16
Q

Name 2 indolamines

A

Histamine

Serotonin

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17
Q

Name 5 amino acids

A 
Glutamate
Glycine
GABA 
Serine
Aspartate
18
Q

Name 3 neuropeptides

A

Substance P
Endorphins
Enkephalins

19
Q

What do amino acids have to do with neuropeptides?

A

Neuropeptides are chains of amino acids

20
Q

What do biogenic amines (monoamines) have to do with neuropeptides?

A

Monoamines are derived from amino acids

21
Q

EPSP and IPSP

Which is excitetory and which is inhibitory?

A

Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential

Inhibitory post synaptic potential

22
Q

Epinephrine

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Excitatory

23
Q

Epinephrine

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Excitatory

24
Q

Glutamate

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Excitatory

25
Q

Substance P

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Excitatory

26
Q

Acetylcholine

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Both

27
Q

Dopamine

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Both

28
Q

GABA

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Inhibitory

29
Q

Endorphins

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Inhibitory

30
Q

Serotonin

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

A

Inhibitory

31
Q

What are the 2 different actions of a neurotransmitter based on how it opens channels?

A

Direct (directly opens channels)

Indirect (cause response thru G protein activation)

32
Q

Is muscarinic (the cholinergic receptor for acetylcholine) agonist or antagonist?

A

Agonist

33
Q

Is nicotinic (the cholinergic receptor for acetylcholine) agonist or antagonist?

A

Agonist

34
Q

Nicotine is considered a(n) ________ when it binds to nicotinic ACh receptors due to its ability to stimulate the receptor.

A

Agonist

35
Q

Skeletal contracting occurs as a result of__________________________________.

A

Acetylcholine binding to nicotinic (not muscarinic) receptors.

36
Q

HR decrease, increase in GI secretions and peristalsis, constrict pupil happens when ___________________________.

A

Acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors.(?)

37
Q

What are agonists and antagonists?

A

Drugs

38
Q

What determines whether a neurotransmitter is Excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Based on which ion channel are open

39
Q

What kind of receptor is nicotinic cholinergic?

A 
Chemically gated (ligand) ion channel 
So it's a direct
40
Q

What kind of receptor is muscarinic cholinergic?

A

G-protein receptor

Indirect

Foster (4 decks)

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