ppwt 5- nutr needs during preg

Question 1

what happens if conception occurs during a time where there is poor maternal health

Answer 1

the health of the mother, fetus and the future health of the offspring can be compromised

Question 2

why it is important of having a plan

Answer 2

a plan should include both parents - the goal is to improve the woman’s and child’s health

Question 3

what is the preconception nutrition recommendantions

Answer 3

• intake of sufficient folate
• reduction in anemia
• preconception care services

Question 4

preconception health care

Answer 4

increase the chance of having a healthy baby

Question 5

receiving care prior to pregnancy improves what

Answer 5

• folic acid intake
• being current on important vaccinations
• less weight gain at the beginning of their pregnancy
• fewer complications for both mother and baby

Question 6

how much time before the women becomes pregnant should the preconception care begin

Answer 6

3 months

Question 7

an optimal healthy result in what

Answer 7

• fewer pregnancy complications
• fewer babies born preterm or with low birth weight

Question 8

what is infertility

Answer 8

the inability to get pregnant after 12 or more months of regular unprotected sex

Question 9

what is subfertility

Answer 9

any period of reduced fertility when conception is desired

Question 10

what happens to env issues - give an example

Answer 10

environmental issues such as chemical exposure,poluents can bind to food and enter in our body. ANthocyanins/polyphenols that are found in fruits and veg can protect

Question 11

the age of women getting pregnant is increasing, how could this affect the pregnancy

Answer 11

• possible difficulty conceiving
• increase in adverse outcomes
• risk of infertility

Question 12

Body weight and fertility

Answer 12

• obesity and low body weight account for 6% of primary infertility

Question 13

overweight or obese can

Answer 13

• contribute to a variety of fertility issues
• have a negative impact on the baby after conception

Question 14

risks associated with BMI in the obese range

Answer 14

• irregular menstrual cycle and irregular ovulation
• polycystic ovary syndrome
• c section
• birth defects
• high birth weight infant

Question 15

high bmi before conception inversely related to

Answer 15

• successful initiation to breastfeeding
• duration of lactation
• amount of milk produced

Question 16

how much weight loss is necessary to improve possibility of conception

Answer 16

5-10% of body weight can restore ovulation

Question 17

what is the effect of obesity on male fertility

Answer 17

• reduces sperm quality
• impairs offspring’s metabolic and reproductive health

Question 18

underweight - exaplin the problem
what happens in women
in men

Answer 18

certain % of body fat is required to produce hormones necessary to conceive
in women they may develop amenorrhea
in men they may not produce viable sperm

Question 19

what is celiac disease

Answer 19

body triggers immune response in small intestine when a person consume gluten

Question 20

what happens to a person who has celaic disease

Answer 20

damages intestinal lining, putting person at risk for anemia, bone problems, cancer
and critical nutrients may not be well absorbed.

Question 21

what risk regarding pregnancy does celiac disease can make

Answer 21

increase infertility, miscarriage, low birth weight and premature delivery

Question 22

true or false
diabetes can contribute to infertility in both men and women

Answer 22

true

Question 23

what is the differece between men with or without diabetes regarding testosterone

Answer 23

men with diabetes has 2x less testosterone

Question 24

eating disorder problem regarding pregnancy

Answer 24

it can decrease fertility and make more unplanned pregnancies

Question 25

women who have hypertension what it the problems that can occur during pregnancy

Answer 25

causes high blood pressure and protein in urine and it can lead to fetal growth restriction

Question 26

what nutrients does a women and men need when they are trying to get pregnancy

Answer 26

women : folate, iron, omega 3 men: zinc, antioxidants

Question 27

what are some diets associate with diff to become pregnant

Answer 27

high carb high glycemic index high sat diet

Question 28

what is some diet that can increase fertility

Answer 28

multivitamin, iron supplement and plant protein

Question 29

how does folic acid help

Answer 29

- helps to produce and maintain each cell in the body - support DNA synthesis - necessary for the neural tube develop in the brain and spinal cord

Question 30

importance of iron

Answer 30

- role in hemoglobin women who are anemic have babies to show more delays in development and have behavioral and learning issues

Question 31

importance of iodine

Answer 31

- thyroid function - important for neural development in babies

Question 32

true or false it is important to have all of the essential vitamins and minerals available before conception

Answer 32

true

Question 33

true or false birth control delay fertility

Answer 33

false - not enough data

Question 34

birth control pills can cause

Answer 34

increased cholesterol levels high blood pressure high triglycerides

Question 35

what is alcohol during pregnancy

Answer 35

teratogen

Question 36

what can alcohol cause

Answer 36

stillbirth, preterm birth and miscarriage

Question 37

before trying to conceive how much time should a men and women stop consuming alcohol

Answer 37

men - at least 6 months women- at least one yeat

Question 38

aside from alcohol what are other teratogen that exist

Answer 38

drugs

Question 39

how smoking can affect the baby

Answer 39

it limits the oxygen available to the baby and it can cause tissue damage - less nutrients and less waste being removed it can lead to birth complication and low birth weight

Question 40

why antioxidants are prescribed to men

Answer 40

it protects reproductive cells from oxidative stress which can reduce fertility

Question 41

what are some antioxidants that can help

Answer 41

vit E,C, glutathione and coenzyme Q10

Question 42

what is the importance of zinc and folate

Answer 42

zinc: powerful antioxidant and important to sperm development folate: supplements can increase sperm production

Question 43

how can smoking affect men

Answer 43

erectile dysfunction and harm sperm function

Question 44

epigenetics can be due to what

Answer 44

enviroment, health habits or chronic conditions - paternal obesity = enlarged fat cell,s diabtes - maternal obesity = future childhood obesity