practical 2: renal system Flashcards
where does actual filtration take place
glomerulus
a bundle of capillaries inside a structure called Bowman’s capsule.
-blood flows thru
-simple squamous
glomerulus
what flows out of glomerulus into renal side
plasma
collects mostly water
glomeruli capsule
what causes plasma and small solutes (like water, glucose, ions, and urea) are pushed through the capillary walls into the Bowman’s capsule
high pressure
what do you urinate
salts (sodium, potassium, chloride), wastes (ammonia, urea)
what dont you want to urinate
formed elememts, whole proteins, lipids, sugars
comes immediately out of blood
filtrate
reabsorbs water and nutrients.
65% absorbed water
PCT
how do amino acids, lipids, and sugars get into blood in first place
absorption in intestines
-cells in pct are like intestines, they are good at grabbing amino acids, lipids, sugars and transport into blood
why do we have loop of henlay (d and a limb)
osmosis and last part of water absorption
what comes after dct
connecting duct
-connects dct to collection duct
what comes after collecting duct
renal papilla (opens to medulla)
what are the final steps after renal papillae
minor and major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethria, toilet
ends at conn duct
functional unit of kidneys
nephron
stuff still being modified
filtration
how does the hypothalamus know when to secrete adh
osmoreceptors
why do we need to secrete adh
aquaporins
how do we increase blood volume
secrete adh (post pit)
aka vassopressin
total amount of all solutes in blood plasma
osmolality
what is the result of increase osmolality in blood
dehydration (less water)
what happens when adh binds to cuboidal cells
increase transportation of water by aquaporins
how do we use the kidneys to retain water
RAAS and adh binding to cuboidal cells
aquaporins are — because adh stimulates it
prebuilt (nongenomic)
