practical 4 cranial nerves summary W4

Question 1

1st cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 1

1. olfactory nerve
2. cribriform plate
3. communicates directly with uncus
4. smell

Question 2

2nd cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 2

1. optic nerve
2. optic canal
3. susceptible to damage by pituitary tumour
4. vision

Question 2

3rd cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 2

1. oculomotor nerve
2. superior orbital fissure
3. parasympathetics from Edinger Westphal nucleus
4. moves eyeball, pupillary light reflex

Question 3

4th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 3

1. trochlear nerve
2. superior orbital fissure
3. arises from posterior aspect of the brainstem
4. moves eyeball

Question 4

5th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. branches?

Answer 4

1. trigeminal nerve
2. ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

Question 5

1st branch of trigeminal nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 5

1. ophthalmic nerve
2. superior orbital fissure
3. branches into nasociliary, lacrimal and frontal nerves
4. sensation from the face above the eyelids

Question 6

2nd branch of trigeminal nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 6

1. maxillary nerve
2. foramen rotundum
3. middle branch entering the trigeminal ganglion
4. sensation from the face between the eyes and mouth

Question 7

3rd branch of the trigeminal nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 7

1. mandibular nerve
2. foramen ovale
3. contains a branch wrapping around middle meningeal artery
4. innervates muscles of mastication. sensation from the face below the mouth

Question 8

6th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 8

1. abducens nerve
2. superior orbital fissure
3. travels within the cavernous sinus
4. moves eyeball laterally

Question 9

7th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 9

1. facial nerve
2. internal acoustic meatus
3. branches within the parotid gland
4. innervates muscles of facial expression. taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue. lacrimation and salivation

Question 10

8th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 10

1. vestibulocochlear nerve
2. internal acoustic meatus
3. branches into two separate nerves in the auditory canal
4. hearing

Question 11

9th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 11

1. glossopharyngeal nerve
2. jugular foramen
3. passes via otic ganglion to reach the parotid gland
4. records info at carotid body baroreceptors. taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue. general sensation from pharynx. salivation at parotid gland.

Question 12

10th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 12

1. vagus nerve
2. jugular foramen
3. one of the branches on the left side travels under aortic arch
4. innervates muscles of larynx and soft palate. autonomic innervation to the thorax and abdomen. innervates pharyngeal constrictors

Question 13

11th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 13

1. accessory nerve
2. jugular foramen
3. some branches travel into the cranial cavity via foramen magnum
4. lateral flexion of the neck

Question 14

12th cranial nerve:
1. name?
2. exit foramen?
3. important anatomy?
4. function?

Answer 14

1. hypoglossal nerve
2. hypoglossal canal
3. emerges from the brainstem between the pyramid and olive
4. innervates intrinsic muscles of the tongue