Practice Q’s

Question 1

What is the purpose of psychological statistics?

Answer 1

To analyze and interpret data related to human behavior.

Question 2

True or False: Descriptive statistics are used to summarize data.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What type of graph is commonly used to represent frequency distributions?

Answer 3

Histogram

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The measure of central tendency that is the middle value in a data set is called the _______.

Answer 4

Median

Question 5

What does a p-value represent in hypothesis testing?

Answer 5

The probability of obtaining the observed results if the null hypothesis is true.

Question 6

Which statistical test is used to compare the means of two independent groups?

Answer 6

Independent samples t-test

Question 7

True or False: A correlation coefficient of 0 indicates a strong relationship between two variables.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the null hypothesis in statistical testing?

Answer 8

A statement that there is no effect or no difference.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a measure of variability? A) Range B) Variance C) Median

Answer 9

C) Median

Question 10

What is the main purpose of inferential statistics?

Answer 10

To make inferences about a population based on sample data.

Question 11

True or False: A larger sample size generally leads to more reliable results.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the term for the likelihood that a test will correctly reject a false null hypothesis?

Answer 12

Power

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set.

Answer 13

Mode

Question 14

What does a confidence interval represent?

Answer 14

A range of values that is likely to contain the population parameter.

Question 15

Which statistical method is used to assess the relationship between two categorical variables?

Answer 15

Chi-square test

Question 16

True or False: A negative correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

Answer 17

To serve as a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.

Question 18

Which of the following is a type of bias that can affect research results? A) Selection bias B) Measurement bias C) Both A and B

Answer 18

C) Both A and B

Question 19

What is the primary goal of random assignment in experiments?

Answer 19

To ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being placed in any group.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a data set.

Answer 20

Range

Question 21

What is the term for a systematic error in data collection or interpretation?

Answer 21

Bias

Question 22

True or False: Longitudinal studies involve collecting data from the same subjects over a period of time.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What does a scatter plot visually represent?

Answer 23

The relationship between two quantitative variables.

Question 24

Which statistical test would be appropriate for comparing the means of three or more groups?

Answer 24

ANOVA

Question 25

What is a Type I error?

Answer 25

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the average of a set of scores.

Answer 26

Mean

Question 27

What does a correlation coefficient of +1 indicate?

Answer 27

Perfect positive correlation.

Question 28

True or False: Qualitative research focuses on numerical data.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

What is the primary characteristic of a case study?

Answer 29

In-depth examination of a single subject or group.

Question 30

Which research method involves manipulation of an independent variable?

Answer 30

Experimental research

Question 31

What is the purpose of a literature review in research?

Answer 31

To summarize existing knowledge and identify gaps in the literature.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment.

Answer 32

Sample space

Question 33

What is an operational definition?

Answer 33

A clear, precise description of how variables are measured or defined.

Question 34

True or False: A longitudinal study collects data at a single point in time.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

Answer 35

Qualitative research focuses on understanding phenomena, while quantitative research focuses on measuring and analyzing numerical data.

Question 36

What is the role of the IRB (Institutional Review Board) in research?

Answer 36

To review research proposals for ethical considerations.

Question 37

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants alter their behavior because they know they are being observed?

Answer 37

Hawthorne effect

Question 38

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a statistical method used to estimate the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables.

Answer 38

Correlation

Question 39

True or False: Experimental research can establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is the main disadvantage of a cross-sectional study?

Answer 40

It does not provide information about changes over time.

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of validity? A) Internal validity B) External validity C) Temporal validity

Answer 41

C) Temporal validity

Question 42

What is the primary function of random sampling?

Answer 42

To ensure that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The _______ of a test refers to its consistency and stability over time.

Answer 43

Reliability

Question 44

True or False: A dependent variable is the variable that is manipulated in an experiment.

Answer 44

False