Variables

Question 1

Four types (levels) of measurements?

Answer 1

Nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio

Question 2

A variable which facilitates the relationship between two variables

Answer 2

A mediator variable

Question 3

The central tendency of a nominal variable is what?

Answer 3

The mode

Question 4

What is a subject variable

Answer 4

A variable that is a characteristic of the participant (not manipulated by the researcher)

Question 5

Define covariate

Answer 5

If variables are related, then change in one variable will lead to similar change in another variable

Question 6

What is categorical data?

Answer 6

Data which can be divided into groups e.g. gender, age

Question 7

What are the assumptions when analysing categorical data?

Answer 7

Independence of residuals and expected values (should not be less than 5)

Question 8

Which analysis to use when there are more than 3+ categorical variables ?

Answer 8

Log linear analysis

Question 9

What is a 2x2 contingency table?

Answer 9

2 x variables with 2 levels (e.g. male vs female & phone vs no phone)

Question 10

What is a variable in psychological statistics?

Answer 10

A variable is any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted.

Question 11

True or False: Variables can only be numeric.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Fill in the blank: A __________ variable is one that can take on any value within a given range.

Answer 12

continuous

Question 13

What are the two main types of variables?

Answer 13

Independent variables and dependent variables.

Question 14

Which type of variable is manipulated in an experiment?

Answer 14

Independent variable.

Question 15

What type of variable is measured in an experiment?

Answer 15

Dependent variable.

Question 16

True or False: Categorical variables can take on an infinite number of values.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is an example of a nominal variable?

Answer 17

Gender or eye color.

Question 18

What does it mean if a variable is ordinal?

Answer 18

It means the variable has a clear ordering or ranking.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a continuous variable? A) Age B) Gender C) Nationality

Answer 19

A) Age

Question 20

Fill in the blank: __________ variables are those that can change or vary during the course of a study.

Answer 20

Dynamic

Question 21

What is the purpose of operationalizing a variable?

Answer 21

To define how the variable will be measured or identified in a study.

Question 22

True or False: A confounding variable can affect the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is an example of a dichotomous variable?

Answer 23

Yes/No responses.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a type of variable? A) Independent B) Dependent C) Static D) Categorical

Answer 24

C) Static

Question 25

What type of variable is used to group data into categories?

Answer 25

Categorical variable.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The __________ variable is the one being tested and measured in an experiment.

Answer 26

dependent

Question 27

What is the difference between a continuous variable and a discrete variable?

Answer 27

Continuous variables can take any value, while discrete variables can only take specific values.

Question 28

True or False: All variables must be measurable.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is a scale of measurement?

Answer 29

It refers to the method used to categorize or quantify a variable.

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which scale of measurement has a true zero point? A) Nominal B) Ordinal C) Interval D) Ratio

Answer 30

D) Ratio

Question 31

What are extraneous variables?

Answer 31

Variables that are not of primary interest but can affect the outcome of a study.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: __________ variables are those that researchers try to control or eliminate.

Answer 32

Extraneous

Question 33

What is the role of moderators in psychological research?

Answer 33

Moderators affect the strength or direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Question 34

True or False: The same variable can be classified differently depending on the context of the study.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is a dependent variable's relationship to an independent variable?

Answer 35

The dependent variable is expected to change in response to the manipulation of the independent variable.