practice test 1/20

Question 1

white blood cell count is currently 9,000 cells/mm3

Which of the following conditions does this value indicate for the patient?

Answer 1

normal

normal range of 4500-11,000/mm3

Question 2

Reproduction of back or flank pain is a positive finding for what viscera?
percussion is done posteriorly over the costovertebral angle of the back

Answer 2

renal kidneys

Question 3

Distention on the costal margin is descriptive of an abnormal finding for what viscera?
palpated typically below the left costal margin.
A positive finding occurs in conditions such as mononucleosis and trauma. This warrants immediate medical attention.

Answer 3

spleen

Question 4

Murphy percussion test
what for?
what +?

Answer 4

presence of costovertebral tenderness over back

is a positive sign of renal involvement

Question 5

what pathology?
backup of blood into the pulmonary system and decreased cardiac output. Clinical manifestations include dry cough or wheezing, tachycardia, light-headedness, pallor, or cyanosis.

Answer 5

Left ventricular failure

Question 6

what pathology?
backup of blood into the systemic venous circulation, manifested by edema systemically, including jugular venous distention, ascites, and bilateral pedal edema

Answer 6

Right ventricular failure

Question 7

what pathology?
abnormally low arterial blood pressure or a fall in arterial blood pressure with an increase in exertion or heart rate. It results from many causes, including dehydration and lack of blood ejected from the left ventricle

Answer 7

Hypotension

Question 8

position to drain

right lateral segment

Answer 8

left sidelying with the legs raised 18 inches

Question 9

ER physician’s order for a Doppler study indicates possible?

what next?

Answer 9

deep vein thrombosis
wait until until a deep vein thrombosis has been ruled out or therapeutic levels of a prescribed anticoagulant to treat a deep vein thrombosis have been reached

Question 10

what pathology?

• higher than normal residual volume (because of destroyed alveolar walls and enlarged air spaces),
• absent or mucoid sputum (as opposed to sputum with a lot of neutrophils),
• spirometry measures that are unimproved with bronchodilators

Answer 10

Emphysema

Question 11

what pathology?

• sputum that is predominantly eosinophilic
• bronchodilators improve spirometry scores

Answer 11

Asthma

Question 12

what pathology?

• sputum that is most often pinkish, blood-flecked, or rusty
• evidence of bacteria when cultured.
• Treatment is centered on antibiotics.
• Oxygen can be administered.

Answer 12

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 13

what pathology?

• sputum that is predominantly neutrophilic,
• bronchodilators improve the spirometry scores

Answer 13

Chronic bronchitis

Question 14

what orthosis to use?

patients who have weak abdominal muscles can compensate for laxity and can improve respiratory function

Answer 14

abdominal corset

Question 15

what is egophony?

when is it present?

Answer 15

• Egophony is a voice sounds test and is the transmission of an “A” sound when the patient says “E.”
• present: consolidated lung tissue or increased secretions

Question 16

will pt have egophony?

consolidated lung

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

will pt have egophony?
pneumothorax
atelectasis
pleural effusion

Answer 17

no, lung deflated will not transmit sounds

Question 18

what are you palpating?

anterior chest with the thumbs over the costal margin so the tips of fingers almost meet at the xiphoid process.

Answer 18

diaphragm, which is located anatomically in the inferior aspect of the thorax.

Question 19

intense exertion accompanied by pulmonary hypertension may result in?
what level exercise?

Answer 19

cyanosis, heart failure, or pulmonary hemorrhage.

low intensity