PRE-ANALYTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PHLEBOTOMY

Question 1

events or actions that take place before laboratory
testing

Answer 1

Pre-Analyitcal Testing Phase

Question 2

identify factors that affect the process and address them as
needed

Answer 2

Phlebotomist’s role

Question 3

Red Blood Cells (RBC), White Blood Cells (WBC), Creatinine Clearance

Answer 3

Age

Question 4

Red Blood Cells

Answer 4

Altitude

Question 5

Hemoconcentration, RBC, Enzymes, Iron (Fe), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na)

Answer 5

Dehydration

Question 6

Glucose, Lipids, Electrolytes

Answer 6

Diet

Question 7

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Cortisol, Iron (Fe)

Answer 7

Diurnal Variation

Question 8

Enzymes, Hormones

Answer 8

Drug Therapy

Question 9

pH, PCO2, Creatine Kinase (CK), Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Glucose

Answer 9

Exercise, IM Injection

Question 10

Hormones, Cortisol

Answer 10

Fever

Question 11

RBC, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit

Answer 11

Gender

Question 12

Yellow color interfaces due to increased bilirubin

Answer 12

Jaundice

Question 13

Creatine Kinase (CK), Skeletal Muscle Fraction of LDH

Answer 13

Intramuscular Injection

Question 14

Protein, Potassium (K)

Answer 14

Position

Question 15

RBC

Answer 15

Pregnancy

Question 16

Cholesterol, Cortisol, Glucose, Growth Hormone (GH), Triglyceride, WBC

Answer 16

Smoking

Question 17

WBC, Iron (Fe), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Catecholamine, Cortisol

Answer 17

Stress

Question 18

Hemoconcentration

Answer 18

Temperature and Humidity

Question 19

too painful; circulation is impaired, areas with tattoos prone to infection and colorimetric analysis due to dyes

Answer 19

Burns, Scars, and Tattoos

Question 20

sclerosed, hardened, or clotted

Answer 20

Damaged Vein

Question 21

Abnormal swelling due to accumulated interstitial fluid. Locating veins becomes harder.

Answer 21

Edema

Question 22

removal of the breast during surgery. May cause swelling and
infection due to obstruction of lymph nodes.

Answer 22

Mastectomy

Question 23

veins become deep and difficult to palpate

Answer 23

Obesity

Question 24

Swelling or mass of blood in tissues due to leakage. Caused by
venipuncture. Painful for patient if selected as a site.

Answer 24

Hematoma

Question 25

= Gauze pad should be applied over site; removed at 15 mins = Apply pressure for 5 mins

Answer 25

Adhesive Allergy

Question 26

Use different antiseptic

Answer 26

Antiseptic Allergy

Question 27

Use non-latex alternative to gloves, tourniquet and bandage

Answer 27

Latex Allergy

Question 28

Due to medications (Aspirin / Anticoagulants) = excessive bleeding

Answer 28

Excessive Bleeding

Question 29

Patient’s prone to fainting must be asked to lie down prior to procedure

Answer 29

Fainting

Question 30

- Discontinue the procedure until patient feels better - Emesis bowl must be prepared in case

Answer 30

Nausea and Vomiting

Question 31

When patient complains of extreme pain / numbness = stop procedure

Answer 31

Pain

Question 32

Small red/purple spots appearing as rashes; appears upon tourniquet application

Answer 32

Petechiae

Question 33

Discontinue the blood draw immediately

Answer 33

Discontinue the blood draw immediately