Pre position Flashcards
1.They ought to be here before now.
“1.Before is not used before adverbs like now and then. So, Correct:They ought to be here by now. Could we have used till? No. Till is used to denote the completion of an action. For example, ““They ought to have stayed here till now.”” The action of staying started at some point and ought to have been finished now. The given sentence, on the other hand, talks of presence (be) at a particular moment.”
2.He is known about charity.
2.Generally, when a verb answers why, the preposition that follows is for. Here we may ask: Why is he known? Correct:He is known for charity.
3.The dog ran through the road.
3.Through is used before a medium. The road here cannot be considered a medium. What the writer probably intends is that the dog ran from one side of the road to the other. So,Correct:The dog ran across the road.
4.He broke the cup in a hundred pieces.
4.When you break something and pieces are obtained, you actually divide it into parts. Correct:He broke the cup into a hundred pieces.
5.The man laboured to good results.
5.Compare Q. 2 above. Why did the man labour? Correct:The man laboured for good results.
6.I was on bed when he telephoned me.
6.That is a typical Hindi influence. In Hindi you don’t say bed mein (in), but bed par/pe (on). So, don’t always translate. Correct:I was in bed when he telephoned me.
7.He travelled thirty kilometres for two hours.
“7.If the sentence read ““He travelled for two hours””, it would be correct. But here ““thirty kilometres”” comes in between and disturbs the relationship. now the group we take together becomes: ““Thirty kilometres for two hours.”” This phrase describes the rate of travel and should therefore be corrected as: Correct:He travelled thirty kilometres in two hours.”
8.The child is endowed by talents difficult to find.
8.When somebody is provided with a good quality from birth, we say he is endowed with it. Correct:The child is endowed with talents difficult to find.
9.This work of art is worthy for praise.
9.Worthy is usually followed either by the infinitive or by the preposition of. Correct:This work of art is worthy of praise.
10.The political environment is not conducive foreconomic reforms.
“10.If the political environment is conducive, it helps. The help goes to someone or something. So, Correct:The political environment is not conducive to economic reforms. Note: This chapter has a long section on ““Words followed by prepositions”” (hereafter referred to as WFP). You must keep on turning to them from time to time.”
11.He acceded with my proposal.
11.To accede means to agree (see WFP). Now, we know that we agree to a proposal. So, Correct:He acceded to my proposal.
12.Which newspaper do you subscribe for?
12.If you pay regularly in order to receive the magazine Banking Services Chronicle (BSC), you subscribe to BSC. So also for any other newspaper or magazine. (Also see WFP.) Correct:Which newspaper do you subscribe to?
13.Kabir was born from humble parents.
13.Born is usually followed by the preposition of. Correct:Kabir was born of humble parents.
14.He scoffed on the idea of revolution.
14.To scoff means to speak or act disrespectfully. It is a kind of laughing at someone or something. So, Correct:He scoffed at the idea of revolution.
15.The soil of Poona is favourable for roses.
15.If the conditions are in favour of something, we say they are favourable to it. Correct:The soil of Poona is favourable to roses.
16.We must not carp with the errors of our ancestors.
16.If we find fault with something and complain continuously and unnecessarily about it, we carp about/at it. Correct:We must not carp about/at the errors of our ancestors.
17.Narasimha Rao is distinguished in the cartoons forhis pout.
17.If you are distinguished for something, you are being recognised for it. That something denotes excellence. Now, Narasimha Rao’s pout (pushing the lips forward) certainly does not fall in that category of excellence. It is merely a physical device that makes him different. He is distinguished by it, not for it. Just as elephants are distinguished by their long trunks. So, Correct:Narasimha Rao is distinguished in the cartoons by his pout.
18.Patanjali is an authority for Sanskrit grammar.
18.If the knowledge or information of a person or a book is dependable, good and respected for a particular subject, that person or book is an authority on the subject (See WFP). Correct:Patanjali is an authority on Sanskrit grammar.
19.He is a descendant from the Mughal royalty.
19.It is true that you descend (come down) from a place or a family. But you are a descendant of the family. Understand it like this. Who is a descendant? A son or a grandson or a great-grandson, and so on. Now, you are a son of someone, a grandson of someone, …. So, you are a descendant of someone. The noun form of descend shows a relationship. Correct:He is a descendant of the Mughal royalty.
20.The shopkeeper deals with cotton and cloth.
20.When you go for trade, you deal with the other party but you deal in the goods being traded. Cotton and cloth are such goods here. So, Correct:The shopkeeper deals in cotton and cloth.
21.Where have you been to?
“21.Let us go back to the nursery rhyme: ““Pussy cat, pussy cat, where have you been?”” And pussy cat answers: ““I’ve been to London.”” Be, of course, is being used here in the sense of go. Now, you go to a particular place (a noun; London, for example). But you go (not to) there (an adverb). Where is an adverb. So, Correct:Where have you been?”
22.He lives at Delhi in India.
22.Delhi is a large town and should therefore be preceded by in. So, Correct:He lives in Delhi in India.
23.I would occupy myself with no more importantbusiness than with this.
“23.The confusion arises because we think there are two things: (i) no more important business; (ii) this. But note that this is not the case as in: ““I would occupy myself more with painting than with music.”” Here there are two things being compared: (i) painting and (ii) music. And so the two with. In the given sentence, no more important business is incomplete in itself. Than this is needed to complete it. So, the second with should be deleted. Correct:I would occupy myself with no more important business than this.”
24.He has not been cured for his disease.
24.To cure means to bring back to health and is followed by the preposition of. But when used as a noun, cure is followed by for. (Also see WFP.) Correct:He has not been cured of his disease.