Pregnancy and Birth Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the stages of foetal development?
Ovum
Zygote
Embryo
Foetus
Fertilisation
Implantation
Age of viability
Gestational age
Placenta
Surfactant
What are the functions of the placenta?
The foetal lungs, kidneys and digestive tract in utero. It begins to form in early pregnancy in coordination with embryo growth. Almost all medications are able to cross into the placenta so it’s important for non-essential medicines such as alcohol and tobacco to be avoided during pregnancy
What indications are concerning in a mother in labour?
Dramatic changes in BP
Abnormal pulse
Prolonged contractions
Abnormal abdominal contour
Increasing apprehension
What are areas of concern in a foetus during labour?
Extreme changes in HR
Meconium staining
Foetal hyperactivity is a sign of struggle and can indicate hypoxia
What is the Apgar scouring system and what are its components?
Post birth assessment tool to use until the baby has stabilised
Respiratory effort, heart rate, muscle tone, reflexes and colour
Name four factors that can inhibit breast feeding
Mastitis
Tongue tie
Poor milk supply
Inverted nipples
At how many weeks can foetal heart rate be heard?
15-16
At how many weeks are foetal movements usually felt?
20 weeks
What is pre-eclampsia?
Serious condition during pregnancy marked by high BP that can develop at around 20 weeks
What is a normal range of RR for a newborn?
30-60 with pauses up to 20 seconds long
What are the names and ranges of the five childhood categories?
Neonate: 0-28 days
Infant: 28 days to 1 year
Young child: 1 year to 6 years
School aged child: 6 years to 12 years
Adolescents: 13 years to 18 years
What are some of the differences that children have in their circulation compared to adults?
Myocardium is less contractile, ventricles less compliant, unable to generate as much tension during contraction which limits stroke volume
