Prehistory, Far East, and Egypt

Question 1

ID - Spotted Horses & Negative Hand Imprints

Answer 1

Paleolithic Period & Culture

Question 2

ID - Rhino, Man, Bison

Answer 2

Paleolithic Period & Culture

Question 3

ID - Stonehenge

Answer 3

Neolithic Period & Culture

Question 4

ID - Votive Statuettes from Square Temple

Answer 4

Sumerian, 2700 BCE

Question 5

ID - Venus of Willendorf

Answer 5

Paleolithic Period & Culture

Question 6

ID - Ziggurat at Ur

Answer 6

Neo-Sumerian, 2100 BCE

Question 7

ID - Victory Stele of Naram-Sin

Answer 7

Akkadian, 2254-2218 BCE

Question 8

ID - Stele of Hammurabi

Answer 8

Babylonian, 1780 BCE

Question 9

ID - Palette of King Narmer

Answer 9

Egyptian, Pre/Early Dynastic Period

Question 10

ID - Step Pyramid of King Zoser

Answer 10

Imhotep, Pre/Early Dynastic Period

Question 11

ID - The Great Pyramids at Gizeh

Answer 11

Egyptian, Old Kingdom

Question 12

ID - The Sphinx

Answer 12

Egyptian, Old Kingdom

Question 13

ID - Akhenaten (Akhenaton) Pillar Statue

Answer 13

Egyptian, Armana Period (New Kingdom)

Question 14

ID - Queen Nefertiti (Beautiful One is Here)

Answer 14

Egyptian, Armana Period (New Kingdom)

Question 15

ID - Akhenaton, Nefertiti & 3 Daughters

Answer 15

Egyptian, Armana Period (New Kingdom)

Question 16

ID - Tutankhamen, Death Mask

Answer 16

Egyptian, Post-Armana Period (New Kingdom)

Question 17

What does the Venus of Willendorf represent?

Answer 17

The idea of a female in Paleolithic culture.

Question 18

What is a fetish statuette?

Answer 18

An inanimate object that is revered because it is believed to have magical powers.

Question 19

What was the original theory of prehistoric stylistic development and how did the Chauvet cave paintings affect it?

Answer 19

Less naturalistic –> More naturalistic. The Chauvet paintings are the oldest known cave paintings but also the most naturalistic.

Question 20

What is the function of “Rhino, Man, & Bison”? Symbolic or pictoral and why?

Answer 20

Symbolic function, because it is a narrative. Content over form.

Question 21

What does abstraction of images correspond with?

Answer 21

Abstract ideas/concepts.

Question 22

What was the Mesolithic Period?

Answer 22

A transitional period between the Paleolithic and Neolithics Periods.

Question 23

What is Post & Lintel construction?

Answer 23

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Question 24

Define megalith, monolith, and megalithic culture.

Answer 24

Megalith: Great stones, Monolith: One large stone, Megalithic Culture: Neolithic Culture (builds large, permanent works of architecture)

Question 25

True/False: Prehistoric art was intentional.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Define representation.

Answer 26

The presenting again (in different and substitute form) of something observed.

Question 27

What is the difference between culture and society?

Answer 27

Society has an infrastructure with a shared culture. Culture is values and ideas.

Question 28

What were the three new inventions of the Sumerians?

Answer 28

City-states (specialization of labor; theocracy), Man-God relations (established direction of skyward worship), Cuneiform writing

Question 29

What concepts were introduced in the "Victory Stele of Naram-Sin"?

Answer 29

Hierarchies & Royal Power (unswerving loyalty of citizens to the king).

Question 30

What 'firsts' are present in the "Stele of Hammurabi"?

Answer 30

First unified code of laws and first representation of a god in human form.

Question 31

What new element did the Assyrians bring to art?

Answer 31

Observation of movement in space.

Question 32

What is the hollow cast method?

Answer 32

Core of clay --> wax layer with vents --> clay layer --> heated to remove wax --> filled with molten metal

Question 33

Definite animism.

Answer 33

The belief that even "inanimate" objects have spirits.

Question 34

Define pantheism.

Answer 34

The belief that nature and god are the same thing.

Question 35

What is the purpose of votive statuettes?

Answer 35

Constant prayer on the behalf of their donors (large open eyes = windows to the soul).

Question 36

What are pictographs?

Answer 36

Picture writing.

Question 37

What were ziggurats for?

Answer 37

"Waiting rooms" for god to appear.

Question 38

What is a theocracy?

Answer 38

Society ruled by gods/priests.

Question 39

What is theocratic socialism?

Answer 39

Society controlled by gods/priests; no division between church and state whatsoever.

Question 40

Where is Mesopotamia and what is it often called?

Answer 40

Syria, Iraq, Turkey, and Iran. Nicknamed the "cradle of civilization".

Question 41

What new concept was invented by the Akkadians?

Answer 41

Royal power.

Question 42

What new concept was invented by the Babylonians?

Answer 42

A unified code of laws.

Question 43

Where is the Near East?

Answer 43

Egypt --> Iraq. Commonly referred to as the "Middle East" in popular culture.

Question 44

What are the two most important facts about the Palette of King Narmer?

Answer 44

It establishes a canon of proportions & is a historical record of the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Question 45

True/False: Upper Egypt is further north than Lower Egypt.

Answer 45

False.

Question 46

What is a mastaba?

Answer 46

The first type of Egyptian tomb. Means "bench" in Arabic.

Question 47

What is the Egyptian culture often called?

Answer 47

The Cult of the Dead.

Question 48

Who was the first artist/architect of recorded history and what did they create?

Answer 48

Imhotep created the "Stepped Pyramid of King Zoser".

Question 49

Define necropolis.

Answer 49

City of the dead.

Question 50

What concept did pyramids represent?

Answer 50

The sun. They pointed up towards the sun and were aligned towards Heliopolis (sun city).

Question 51

What two functions did pyramids serve?

Answer 51

Protected tombs and signified god-like power through sheer size.

Question 52

What does the Sphinx represent?

Answer 52

The Sphinx is a hieroglyph that means 'the King has departed'.

Question 53

What purpose does a sculpture in a tomb serve?

Answer 53

A back-up container for the Ka/spirit of the deceased.

Question 54

What is a rock-cut tomb?

Answer 54

The final type of tomb in Egypt. Hollowed out of mountains.

Question 55

What is significant about the architecture of the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut?

Answer 55

Terraced colonnades made up of pillars.

Question 56

What happened to Queen Hatshepsut?

Answer 56

Condemnation of memory: a judgement that the person must not be remembered.

Question 57

What are the two theories behind the depictions of Akhenaton?

Answer 57

Physical anomaly or androygnous imagery.

Question 58

When was Tutankhamen's tomb discovered and by whom?

Answer 58

1922 by Howard Carter.

Question 59

When was King Tut born?

Answer 59

1341 BCE in Armana.

Question 60

What is an ideogram?

Answer 60

A picture that represents an idea.

Question 61

What is the order of development of Egyptian tombs?

Answer 61

Mastaba --> Step Pyramid --> Great Pyramid --> Rock-Cut Tomb

Question 62

What is the difference between conceptual and perceptual art?

Answer 62

Perceptual focuses on the depiction while conceptual focuses on the thought.

Question 63

What did the Egyptians believe was eternal & unchanging?

Answer 63

The gods and anything relating to the gods, therefore also the King and anything relating to the King.