PRELIM

Question 1

a place where necessary handling & processing of films are carried out safely & efficiently

Answer 1

Dark Room

Question 2

Another name for darkroom

Answer 2

Processing room

Question 3

Location of the darkroom

Answer 3

Centrally located

Question 4

Why is complete blackout necessary in dark room

Answer 4

To avoid overexposure of film

Question 5

Used to transfer cassette films

Answer 5

Pass box/ Cassette hatch

Question 6

Minimum floor area of darkroom

Answer 6

10 sq. m.

Question 7

Required ceiling height of dark room

Answer 7

2.5m or 3m

Question 8

Requirements for darkroom floor

Answer 8

• non-slip
• light colored
• durable & easy to clean

Question 9

Relative humidity of darkroom

Answer 9

40% - 60%

Question 10

Required room temperature of darkroom

Answer 10

18 - 20 degrees Celsius

Question 11

Minimum air changes in darkroom

Answer 11

10/ h

Question 12

How can good ventilation & heating be acquired

Answer 12

Usage of Good AC system

Question 13

Why should the x-ray apparatus be properly placed

Answer 13

The primary beam will not be directed to the darkroom wall

Question 14

How should radioactive materials be stored

Answer 14

As remotely as possible from the darkroom

Question 15

The required thickness of lead in adjacent walls to the radiographic rooms

Answer 15

1.6 - 2mm lead

Question 16

What are the other equivalent wall materials and thickness of lead 1.6 - 2 mm on adjacent walls to the radiographic rooms

Answer 16

• 25 mm barium plaster
• 225 mm thick single brick wall
• 150 mm thick concrete

Question 17

A type of darkroom entrance that has a latch or from the inside

Answer 17

Single door

Question 18

Can a worker be alone in a darkroom with a single door entrance?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

What darkroom entrance can cause accidental exposure of film to white light?

Answer 19

Single door

Question 20

A darkroom entrance with 2 doors; one leading in and the other out

Answer 20

Double door

Question 21

It is a darkroom entrance that has no doors and people can enter & exit anytime

Answer 21

Maze Entrance

Question 22

2 Types of film processing

Answer 22

-Manual
-Automatic

Question 23

What are the equipment in Automatic processing

Answer 23

• loading bench
• film hopper
• cassette racks
• Cassette hatches
• Processing chemicals

Question 24

Equipment used in manual processing

Answer 24

• Manual Processing tanks
• loading bench
• Film hopper
• Cassette racks
• Cassette hatches
• Darkroom sink
• Hangers
• Processing chemicals & storage

Question 25

An equipment that stores unexposed films and located under the loading bench

Answer 25

Film hopper / Film bin

Question 26

What is the color painted inside the film hopper

Answer 26

Black

Question 27

It stores the hangers that suspends the films

Answer 27

Hanger storage

Question 28

Maximum hangers the hanger storage can hold

Answer 28

12 hangers

Question 29

Distance between brackets inside the hanger storage

Answer 29

100 mm

Question 30

Vertical height, length, and width of labyrinth type entrance

Answer 30

height: 2m length: 3m above Width: 700mm below

Question 31

Most efficient type of door entrance but most expensive

Answer 31

Revolving door entrance

Question 32

Diameter of revolving door entrance

Answer 32

3 Feet

Question 33

2 types of darkroom illumination

Answer 33

* White lighting * Safe lighting

Question 34

Purpose of white light

Answer 34

* inspection & maintenance of equipment * Cleaning of the room

Question 35

Material and intensity of white light

Answer 35

60w tungsten 30w Fluorescent

Question 36

Material of safe light and wattage

Answer 36

pearl bulb 25w

Question 37

Direct safelight min distance from working surface

Answer 37

1.2m

Question 38

Indirect safelight min height

Answer 38

2.1m

Question 39

Caused by improper safelight filter

Answer 39

Film fog

Question 40

max time of film exposure to safelight

Answer 40

20-45 secs

Question 41

Equipment where cassettes are unloaded and loaded

Answer 41

Dry bench

Question 42

Top surface material of dry bench

Answer 42

Linoleum Wood Marble

Question 43

Equipment where processing films are caried out

Answer 43

Wet bench

Question 44

height of hanger storage from workbench

Answer 44

750mm

Question 45

3 key parts in radiography

Answer 45

* Film * Intensifying screen * Cassette

Question 46

Holds x-ray film and intensifying screen

Answer 46

Film Cassette

Question 47

What materials is the front face of film cassette

Answer 47

* aluminum * carbon fiber

Question 48

Material of back side of film cassette

Answer 48

Lead sheet

Question 49

2 Types of cassette

Answer 49

* Single screen * Double screen

Question 50

Principal application of single cassette screen

Answer 50

Mammography

Question 51

Principal application of double screen cassette

Answer 51

general radiography

Question 52

device that converts remnant radiation to light producing latent image

Answer 52

Intensifying screen

Question 53

Amplifier of remnant radiation

Answer 53

Intensifying screen

Question 54

4 Distinct layers of intensifying screen

Answer 54

* base * reflective layer * phosphor * protective coating

Question 55

provides surface for cleaning while protecting the phosphors

Answer 55

Protective coating

Question 56

protective coating is transparent to_

Answer 56

light

Question 57

The active layer of intensifying screen

Answer 57

Phosphor

Question 58

What does the phosphor uses

Answer 58

Calcium Tungstate

Question 59

What rare earth elements does the modern screen uses

Answer 59

* Gadolinium * Lanthalum * Yttrium

Question 60

layer that redirects light to film

Answer 60

Reflective layer

Question 61

how is the light fronting the phosphor emitted

Answer 61

Isotropically

Question 62

Layer farthest from the film

Answer 62

Base

Question 63

Base is usually made of_

Answer 63

Polyester

Question 64

materials that give light in response to stimulus

Answer 64

Luminescence (Phosphor)

Question 65

2 types of luminescence

Answer 65

*Fluorescence *Phosphorescence

Question 66

Type of luminescence that gives visible light while phosphor is stimulated

Answer 66

Fluorescence

Question 67

Type of luminescence that continuously gives visible light after radiation exposure is stopped

Answer 67

Phosphoroscence

Question 68

Approximate time in Developing (Manual and Automatic)

Answer 68

Manual: 5 mins Automatic: 22s

Question 69

Approximate time in wetting (manual)

Answer 69

15s

Question 70

Approx. time in fixing (Manual & Automatic)

Answer 70

Manual: 15 mins Automatic: 22s

Question 71

Approx. time in washing (Manual & Automatic)

Answer 71

Manual: 20 mins Automatic: 20s

Question 72

Approx. time in drying (manual & automatic)

Answer 72

Manual: 30mins Automatic: 26s