Prelims Flashcards
1
Q
The application, process, methods, skills, knowledge, and experience to achieve a specific project objective according to the project acceptance.
A
Project management
2
Q
5 stages of PM (enumeration)
A
- Initiation
- Planning
- Execution
- Monitoring & Controlling
- Closure
3
Q
The step for checking the feasibility and measuring the worth of the project
A
Initiation / Initiating
4
Q
Involves making a blueprint for achieving the project’s objectives
A
Planning
5
Q
Involves the allocation of resources and making the deliverables as required.
A
Execution/ Executing
6
Q
Managing possible risks to ensure everything is aligned.
A
Monitoring & Controlling
7
Q
Final stage of the project, where everything, including what went wrong and what went right all through the process is summed up. Also includes evaluation.
A
Closing
8
Q
3 types of Project Mgt. (Enumeration)
A
- Waterfall project management
- Agile project management
- Lean project management
9
Q
Systematic, from top to bottom
A
Waterfall project management
10
Q
Responsive / Reactive depending on needs, demands, of clients
A
Agile project management
11
Q
Zero wastage of resources of companies, addresses full usage of resources
A
Lean project management
12
Q
Why should u study project management?
A
- Strong demand, skill shortage
- A skill highlighted by employees today
- Improves productivity of work
- Provides opportunities to be part of the forefront of exciting projects
13
Q
Why r projects started ? (Enumeration)
A
- Market demand
- Strategic opportunity / Business need
- Customer request
- Legal requirement
- Technological advance
14
Q
Why do projects end?
A
- Objectives are achieved.
- Termination of the project.
15
Q
6 constraints (enumeration)
A
- Cost
- Time
- Scope
- Quality
- Risk
- Benefits / Resources
16
Q
Have a specific target at the beginning of the project (enumeration)
A
- Cost
- Time
- Scope
17
Q
Affects the ability to meet cost, time, and scope goals
A
- Quality
- Risk
- Benefits / Resources
18
Q
3 core components of project mgt. (Enumeration)
A
People
Process
Technology
19
Q
Skills are basically the soft skills of managing projects
A
People
20
Q
A defined method involved steps for operations
A
Process
21
Q
Tools of project manager, scheduling, cost, risk, reporting graphics
A
Technology
22
Q
Key focus areas in project management (enumeration)
A
- Scope
- Schedule
- Cost
- Quality
- Resources
- Stakeholders
- Communication
- Risk
- Procurement
- Critical success factors
- Deliverables
- Work breakdown
23
Q
Refers to the inputs provided to take the project from the first step to the last step.
A
Scope
24
Q
A plan for performing a specific work within a particular time interval and achieving the desired objective
A
Schedule
25
The process of estimating, allocation, and monitoring the funds needed in a project
Cost
26
What the customer or stakeholder requires from the deliverables
Quality
27
Helps in carrying out a specific task in a project in the best possible manner
Resources
28
The ones who have an interest in the deliverables.
Stakeholders
29
An essential aspect of project management for successful project execution.
Communication.
30
An unexpected event that can affect anything in project, people, technology, processes, or resources
Risk
31
The act of obtaining all the materials and services that are needed to meet the project goals
Procurement
32
The elements that are necessary for an organization to achieve the project's objectives.
Critical success factors
33
Refers to the output within the scope of the project
Deliverables
34
Breaking and dividing tasks into smaller components
Work breakdown
35
An organizational functions performing the ongoing execution of activities that produce the same product or provide a repetitive service.
Operations
36
Describe projects
Time: temporary
Output: unique
When: concludes when specific objectives are attained
Scope: cross-functional
37
Describe operations
Time: ongoing
Output: repetitive
Purpose: keeps the organization fucntioning
When: adopts to similar set of objectives and work continues
Scope: functional
38
The science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decision that enables an organization to achieve its objectives.
Strategic Management
39
Useful to for demonstrating some of the seemingly irresolvable conflicts that occur through the planned creation and introduction of any new project
Stakeholder management
40
All individuals or groups who have an active stake in the project and can potentially impact, either positively or negatively, its development.
Project stakeholders
41
Internal (enumeration)
1. Accounting
2. Project Teams
3. Staff
4. Top management
5. Managers
42
External
1. Clients
2. Competitors
3. Environmental factors
4. Suppliers
43
Managing stakeholders (enumeration)
1. Assess the environment
2. Identify the goals of the principal actors
3. Assess your own capabilities
4. Define the problem
5. Develop solutions
6. Test and refine solutions
44
Organizational structure (enumeration)
1. Executives
2. Functional Managers
3. Project Managers
45
Manages the vision
Executives
46
Manages the tactics and strategy to achieve vision
Functional managers
47
Manages the project to achieve tactics
Project managers
48
6 issues to consider when evaluating screening models
1. Realism
2. Capability
3. Flexibility
4. Ease of use
5. Cost
6. Comparability
49
Methods
1. Checklist
2. Simplified Scoring models
3. The analytical hierarchy process
4. Profile models
50
Why do projects fail?
1. Poor planning
2. Workload overload
3. Lack of budget or resources
4. Poor communication
5. Unrealistic deadlines
6. Poor resource management
51
A group of people who work towards a common goal with collective effort.
Organization
52
The response of an individual shows as a consequence their surroundings
Behavior
53
A field of study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups, and structure on behavior within the organization
Organizational Behavior
54
3 levels of OB (enumeration)
1. Individual
2. Groups
3. Organizational
55
Involves organizational psychology and understanding human behavior and incentives
Individual level
56
Involves social psychology and sociological insights into human interaction and group dynamics
Group level
57
Where organization theory and sociology come into play to undertake systems level analysis and the study of how firms engage with one another in the marketplace
Organizational level
58
Principles of OB (enumeration)
- Nature of people
- Nature of Organization
59
Individual differences, whole person, caused behavior, human dignity
Nature of people
60
Social system, mutual interest
Nature of Organization
61
Differences between people result to: (enumeration)
1. Quantities of output
2. Qualities of output
3. Reactions to empowerment
4. Reactions to given leadership style
5. Degrees of need for contact with each other
6. Degrees of commitment to the organization
7. Level of self-esteem
62
What makes ppl different from each other? (Enumeration)
1. Demographics
2. Aptitude & Ability
3. Personality
63
Social environment of human created beliefs, customs, knowledge and practices that define conventional behavior in a society
Social culture
64
Set of values, beliefs, and norms that is shared among members of an organization
Organizational culture
65
Capacity of a person to learn or acquire skills
Aptitude
66
Individual capacity to perform the various tasks in the job
Ability
67
Explains that organizational activities are controlled by psychological norms
Social system
68
Bring cooperation and confidence among people
Mutual interest
69
Motives of OB (enumeration)
1. Skill development
2. Motivation
3. Increasing efficiency
4. Healthy environment
5. Utilizing resources
6. Increasing goodwill
70
Test subjects behavior changes when they know that they are being observed
Hawthorne Effect
71
Components of OB (enumeration)
1. Personality
2. Leadership
3. Power
72
Models of OB (enumeration)
1. Autocractic
2. Custodial
3. Collegial
4. Suportive
73
The basis of this model is power with a managerial orientation of authority
Autocratic
74
Basis of this model is economic resources with a managerial orientation of money
Custodial
75
Basis of this model is leadership with a managerial orientation of support
Supportive
76
Basis of this model is partnership with a managerial orientation of teamwork
Collegial
77
Why is organizational Behavior Essential in project management?
1. Helps project managers to identify potential problems, develop strategies to resolve them, and motivate team members to work towards achieving project goals
2. Helps in understanding how different people interact with each other and how their actions can affect the success of the project.
78
OB is essential (enumeration)
1. To establish leadership, and authority relationship
2. To establish social norms
3. To conform go ethical conduct
4. Improve Risk Tolerance
5. Reward & Motivation
6. Establish shared mission & vision
