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Dental Development and Anatomy > Premolars > Flashcards

Premolars Flashcards

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1
Q

Premolar Development

____ developmental lobes, most times

one exception: ______

A

four

mandibular second premolard

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2
Q

Maxillary Premolar Development
! 1st and 2nd: There are ______ developmental lobes
! There are ______ facial developmental lobes.
! The middle facial lobe forms the ______ tip
! The palatal developmental lobe forms the ______ cusp.

A

four
three
buccal cusp
lingual or palatal

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3
Q

Occlusal View
! ______: Linear elevation on the surface of the tooth
# Marginal Ridge: Extend ______; are the mesial and distal borders of the occlusal surface
# Cusp Ridges: Extend from the ______
$ M-D: Form the ______ and ______ borders of the occlusal surface
$ B-L: Form the ______ on the occlusal surface –______ and ______

A 
ridge
B-L
cusp tip
buccal
lingual
internal ridges
triangular ridges
transverse ridges
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4
Q

______: Linear intersection of developing lobes
! ______: A rounded or angular depression found on the surface of a
tooth
! ______: A defect found in the developmental groove
! ______: A defect found in the fossa

A

developmental grooves
fossa
fissure
pit

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5
Q

Occlusal View
! Cusp Ridges:
B-L:
• 􏰀______􏰀 • 􏰁______􏰀

A

triangular ridges

transverse ridges

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6
Q

Maxillary First Premolar

Eruption: _____

A

10-11 years

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7
Q

Maxillary First Premolar

The _____ crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension
! NOTE: this is true for _____ premolars

A

occlusocervical

all

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8
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! The outline form of the crown has been described as:
# _____
# shaped like a _____
# _____ in the occlusal half of the crown

A

trapezoidal
pentagon
ovoid

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9
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! ***The mesial cusp ridge of the buccal cusp is _____ than the distal cusp ridge and may be concave or notched
! The distal cusp ridge more _____ than the mesial cusp ridge
! The buccal cusp is long and pointed

A

longer

convex

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10
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! The mesial contact is located in the _____ third; near the junction of the occlusal and middle thirds
! mesial surface of the crown below/(cervical) to the contact area is concave

A

middle

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11
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! The distal contact is located in the _____ third; more _____ than the mesial contact
! The distal proximal surface contact area is _____

A

middle
cervical
convex

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12
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–BuccalView
! There is a well-developed _____
! Mesial and distal buccal developmental depressions are sometimes present

A

facial (buccal) ridge (middle lobe)

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13
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! Most maxillary first premolars have _____ roots
! The buccal root has a frequent _____ curve near the apex

A

two

distal

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14
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal view is described as _____

A

hexagonal

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15
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal table is made up of the _____ marginal ridges and _____ M-D cusp ridges

A

two

four

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16
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The B-L dimension is _____ than the M-D dimension
! The M-D of the buccal portion of the crown is _____
# Tooth tapers to the _____

A

greater
wider
lingual

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17
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary First Premolar –
Occlusal View
! The mesial contact is located just buccal to the _____ of the crown
! The distal contact is also located _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown.
**more _____ than the mesial contact

A

buccolingual center
buccal
buccal

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18
Q 
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary First Premolar –
Occlusal View
!  Buccal triangular ridge 
#  \_\_\_\_\_
!  Lingual triangular ridge 
# seldom \_\_\_\_\_ 
# \_\_\_\_\_ surface
!  The buccal and lingual triangular ridges meet forming a \_\_\_\_\_
A

prominent
prominent
flatter
transverse ridge

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19
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! There are _____ depressions in the mesial and distal of the central fossa groove
# _____ and _____ fossae

A

two
mesial
distal

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20
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! There is a major distinguishing feature:
# Mesial extension of the _____
# _____ Groove

A

central fossa groove

mesial marginal ridge

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21
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The Mesial Marginal Ridge Groove is _____
# ***MMRG distinguishes this premolar from _____

A

visible

all others

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22
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View

! The buccolingual crown dimension is _____ than the occlusocervical crown dimension

A

greater

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23
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The outline form of the crown has been described as _____
! The occlusal table is centered over the _____ trunk

A

trapezoidal

root

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24
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The lingual cusp is _____ and more _____ than the buccal cusp
! The buccal cusp is about _____ longer than the lingual cusp

A

shorter
blunt
1 mm

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25
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View | ! The lingual cusp tip is not as _____ as the buccal cusp tip.
sharply pointed
26
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View ! The buccal height of contour is located in the _____ third of the crown ! The lingual height of contour is located in the **_____ third of the crown
cervical | middle
27
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View ! The mesial crown surface has a _____ developmental depression ! This marked depression continues apically and joins the _____ depression
cervical | root
28
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View | ! _____ pulpal canals
two
29
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Distal View | ! The distal marginal ridge does not possess a _____ that crosses the ridge
developmental groove
30
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Distal View | ! The distal cervical crown surface does not have a _____
depression
31
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar– Lingual View ! The lingual surface is _____ than the buccal surface in all dimensions # The crown tapers toward the _____ # It is smoother, with no _____ or _____
smaller lingual ridges depressions
32
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar– Lingual View ! The lingual root is _____ than the buccal/facial root ! The _____ root apex may bend toward the mesial or distal
shorter | lingual
33
Maxillary Second Premolar Eruption: _____
10-12 years
34
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS MaxillarySecond Premolar– Buccal View ! The occlusocervical crown dimension is _____ than the mesiodistal crown dimension
greater
35
``` UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The outline form of the crown has been described as: # _____ # shaped like a _____ ! _____, _____ cusp than the first premolar ```
trapezoidal pentagon shorter rounder
36
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The distal cusp ridge of the buccal cusp is _____ than the mesial cusp ridge
longer
37
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The mesial contact area is located in the _____ third near the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds
middle occlusal middle
38
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The distal contact area is located in the middle third slightly _____ to the mesial contact
below/cervical
39
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View ! Mesial and distal buccal developmental depressions only _____ present ! There is a _____ _____ shaped root ! The root has a frequent curve to the _____
sometimes single conically distal
40
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! The occlusal view has been described as _____ and has an _____ or _____ shape
rounded oblong oval
41
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! The occlusal table is also _____ in shape ! The fossae are relatively close to the _____ of the tooth ! Transverse ridge - _____
oval center thinner
42
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! There are several _____ on the occlusal surface ! The number of supplemental grooves gives the surface a 􏰁_____􏰀 appearance ! Generally: more _____ = more supplemental grooves
supplemental grooves wrinkled posterior
43
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! The _____ crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension ! Mesial and distal marginal ridges are _____ to one another ! The crown shows _____ (if any) taper to the lingual
B-L parallel little
44
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! The mesial contact is located _____ to the _____ center of the crown ! The distal contact is located _____ to the B-L center of the crown but lingual to the _____ contact
buccal B-L buccal mesial
45
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The buccolingual crown dimension is _____ than the occlusocervical crown dimension
buccolingual
46
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The outline form of the crown is also described as _____ ! The occlusal table is _____ over the root trunk
trapezoidal | centered
47
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The buccal and lingual cusps are nearly the same _____ ! The mesial marginal ridge is not crossed by a _____ # There is no _____ on the mesial surface
length/height developmental groove depression
48
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The buccal height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown ! The lingual height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown
cervical | middle
49
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View ! _____ pulpal canal, but sometimes can be _____
1 | 2
50
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Lingual View ! The crown is only slightly narrower _____ on the lingual. # The mesiodistal dimension of the lingual aspect of the crown is almost _____ to the buccal aspect
mesiodistally | identical
51
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Lingual View ! Little of the occlusal surface is _____ because the height of the _____ cusp is almost the same as the _____ cusp
visible lingual buccal
52
Mandibular Premolar Development ! 1st : There are _____ developmental lobes ! 2nd: There are _____ or _____ developmental lobes ! The lingual of the _____ most commonly has 2 cusps formed from 2 separate _____ 
``` four four five 2nd premolar developmental lobes ```
53
Mandibular First Premolar Eruption: _____
11-12 years
54
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View ! The occlusocervical crown dimension is _____ than the mesiodistal crown dimension
greater
55
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View ! The outline form of the crown is also described as: " _____ " shaped like a _____
trapezoidal | pentagon
56
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View ! The mesial cusp ridge of the buccal cusp is _____ then the distal cusp ridge ! Shallow occlusal notches are commonplace on _____ cusp ridges
shorter | both
57
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View ! The mesial contact is located in the _____ third near the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds ! The distal contact is located in the _____ third ! **Many times it can be at the same level as the _____ contact
``` middle occlusal middle middle mesial ```
58
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View ! There is a prominent elevation of the _____ ! Mesial and distal buccal developmental depressions are _____ present
buccal ridge | sometimes
59
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– DM Buccal View ! There is a _____ conically shaped root ! The _____ of the first premolar is relatively pointed ! The root has a frequent curve to the _____
single root apex distal
60
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View ! The occlusal view is _____ shaped ! B-L crown dimension: " _____ of any posterior tooth
diamond | smallest
61
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View ! The B-L crown dimension is _____ than the M-D crown dimension ! More than _____ of the facial surface is visible from an occlusal view
greater | two thirds
62
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View ! There is a concavity in the _____ on the lingual surface in the mesial half of the crown " 􏰁_____􏰀
outline form | mesiolingual developmental groove
63
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View ! The mesial contact is _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown ! The distal contact is located at the buccolingual _____ of the crown, or may be just slightly _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown " Not as buccal as the _____ contact
buccal center facial mesial
64
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View ! The occlusal table is distinctly _____ in form 
triangular
65
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View ! The _____ is very prominent ! Not often crossed by a _____ " shallow
transverse ridge | deep central fossa groove
66
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! The outline form described as _____ ! The O-C crown dimension is _____ than the B-L crown dimension* * opposite from the _____
rhomboidal greater max premolars
67
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! The crowns of all mandibular _____ teeth tilt lingually on the root when viewed _____. WHY? ! The occlusal table is _____ centered over the root trunk ! The first premolar crown has a substantial _____ tilt
posterior proximally not lingual
68
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! The occlusal table slopes _____ ! The buccal triangular ridge slopes lingually at about _____
lingually | 45 degrees
69
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! The lingual cusp is _____ and usually not more than half the _____ dimension of the buccal cusp
very small | O-C
70
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! The slope of the mesial marginal ridge is nearly _____ to the buccal triangular ridge ! The mesial marginal ridge is located farther _____ than the distal marginal ridge*
parallel | cervically
71
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! Mesiolingual groove viewed from the _____ view, but present on the _____ surface
mesial | lingual
72
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! The buccal height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown ! The lingual height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown near the lingual cusp tip " ***It is located in the _____ third of the lingual cusp 
cervical middle occlusal
73
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View ! _____ pulpal canal 
1
74
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– ! The distal marginal ridge is more _____ aligned than the mesial marginal ridge ! ***less _____ than the mesial " All other premolars have mesial marginal ridges _____ (more occlusal) than their opposing distal marginal ridges
horizontally cervical higher
75
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Lingual View ! The crown tapers _____ " is much narrower _____ on the lingual side ! The lingual cusp is quite small and often pointed
lingually | M-D
76
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Lingual View ! The mesiolingual developmental groove separates the _____ from the _____ " Again, it is on the _____ surface, not the mesial surface
mesial marginal ridge lingual cusp lingual
77
Mandibular Second Premolar | Eruiption: _____
11-12 years
78
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The outline form of the crown also described as: " _____ " shaped like a _____ 
trapezoidal | pentagon
79
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The _____ crown dimension is also greater than the M- D crown dimension
O-C
80
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View ! The _____ cusp is blunted or more rounded ! The mesial cusp ridge of the facial cusp is _____ then the distal cusp ridge " **True for all premolars except the _____
buccal shorter maxillary 1st
81
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– DM Buccal View ! The mesial contact is in the _____ third just below (cervical to) the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds ! The distal contact is also in the _____ third just below (cervical to) the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds " More _____ than the mesial contact
``` middle occlusal middle middle occlusal middle cervical ```
82
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View ! Most second premolars have no distinct _____ ! Shallow _____ are commonplace on _____ cusp ridges " more likely on the _____
buccal developmental depression occlusal notches both distal
83
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View ! There is a _____ conically shaped root ! The root has a frequent curve to the _____
sinlge | distal
84
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Occlusal View ! The mandibular second premolar more often has _____ cusps than it has _____ cusps " Only _____ that often has 2 lingual cusps " **if 2 Lingual cusps are present, then it developed from _____ lobes of calcification
3 2 premolar 5
85
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Occlusal View ! With 3 cusp premolars, the occlusal outline form is nearly _____ ! The outline of 2 cusped 2nd premolar has been described as _____ or _____
square round oval
86
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar - Occlusal View ! The B-L crown dimension is still _____ than the M-D crown dimensions, but only slightly ! The M-D dimension of the lingual half of the crown _____ the M-D dimension of the buccal half of the crown ! The mesial and sital surfaces are _____ to each other
greater = or greater than parallel
87
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – MD Occlusal View ! The mesial contact is just _____ to the B-L center of the crown ! The distal contact is at the B-L _____ of the crown, or slightly _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown " just lingual to the _____ contact
buccal center facial mesial
88
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! Of the two lingual cusps, the _____ is larger and extends higher occlusally
mesiolingual
89
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! There are _____ fossae (mesial; distal; and central) on _____-cusp premolars ! The 3-cusp mandibular second premolar has a _____ " The _____ is the largest fossa
3 3 central fossa central fossa
90
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! There are _____ fossae (mesial and distal) on _____-cusp premolars.
2 | 2
91
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View ! The number and names of the developmental grooves on the occlusal surface varies with the number of _____
cusps
92
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 3 cusp tooth: ! The 3-cusp premolar: " mesial developmental groove- travels _____ from the _____ " distal developmental groove- travels _____ from the _____ " lingual developmental groove- travels in a _____ direction from the central fossa; located _____ to the center of the crown
``` MB central fossa DB central fossa L distal ```
93
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 3 cusp tooth: ! The developmental grooves on the occlusal surface of a 3-cusp premolar form a 􏰁_____􏰀- shaped pattern ! There is no _____ on a 3-cusp premolar
Y | transverse ridge
94
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 2 cusp tooth: ! The 2-cusp premolar has a _____ connecting the mesial and distal fossae ! There is no _____
central developmental groove | lingual groove
95
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 2 cusp tooth: ! There is a 􏰁_____􏰀 or 􏰁_____􏰀-shaped groove pattern on the occlusal surface ! The 2-cusp premolar does have a _____ present
U H transverse ridge
96
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The outline form of the crown is _____ ! The occlusal table is not centered over the _____ trunk
rhomboidal | root
97
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The lingual cusp is _____ than the facial cusp " taller than the lingual cusp of the _____
shorter | mandibular first premolar
98
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View ! Shorter and wider crown ! The O-C crown dimension is almost the _____ as the B-L crown dimension
same
99
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The mesial marginal ridge is _____ positioned at a _____ to the long axis of the tooth ! _____ is not present
horizontally right angle mesiolingual developmental groove
100
NIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View ! The buccal height of contour is located in the _____ third " ***near the junction with the _____ third ! The lingual height of contour is located in the _____ third of the crown " ***It can also be located in the _____ third of the lingual cusp 
cervical middle middle occlusal
101
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View ! _____ pulpal canal
1
102
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Lingual View ! When 2 lingual cusps present: " The mesiolingual cusp is almost always _____ and projects _____ occlusally than the distolingual cusp
longer | higher
103
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Lingual View ! When 2 lingual cusps present: " The ML cusp occupies roughly _____ of the M-D crown width " The O-C height of the mesiolingual cusp closer to the height of the the buccal cusp, but still _____
two-thirds | shorter
104
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Lingual View ! The lingual groove extends a _____ distance onto the lingual surface
short

Dental Development and Anatomy (13 decks)

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