prevention Flashcards
(24 cards)
what was ancient greeks attempts to prevent illness and disease
ancient greek 4 humours - hippocrates known as father of medicine, exercise and good diet
how did the role of the church prevent illness
in the medieval times church was very influential, they argued that illness was a manifestation of a spiritual illness, they used methods like whipping themselves ( seen as purifying)
what did medieval not see the link between
disease and germs
what methods were used to try and prevent diseases spreading
no to eat too much
not to bathe
avoiding sex
killing all cats and dogs
what did king Edward III do that created some change
he ordered the streets to be cleaned as he argued that the smell spread the black death
what was the percenatge that caught small pox that died or went blind
30 - 60%
how many people died from small pox in 1796 in Britain
35000
how many people died from small pox in 1837 - 1842
42,000
when was small pox eradicated
1980 after the vaccination campaign
how did Edward Jenner create the small pox vaccine
1796
he did it by inoculation
Jenner took pus from a cowpox sore on a milkmaid and injected it into a boy called James Phipps.
The boy became immune to smallpox after later exposure. this was the first ever successful vaccine
how much did the government invest into the vaccine after the royal college of physicians confirmed his work
£30,000 in 1807
when did the small pox vaccine become compulsory
1852
what did Louis Pasteur do
in 1861 he published Germ theory which proved bacteria caused diseases
Pasteur developed the first vaccines since jenner for things like chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies
what did robert koch do
he began to isolate the specific bacteria that caused diseases like TB and cholera
he also realised that antibodies could help destroy bacteria and build immunity against disease
kochs research led to a study of disease prevention and treatment of diseases and a new branch of medicine was introduced which is immunology
what did Koch use to see bacteria more clearly
used stains so he could see more clearly under the microscope, his assistant julius Petri invented the petri dish to help with this and the science of bacteriology developed rapidly
what did Almroth Wright do
in 1896 he developed a vaccine for typhoid in world war 1 10 million doses of the vaccine were produced for troops
some people thought prevention was better than cure, name three things that people did
fresh air and exercise
vegetarianism
regular blood letting
where were some popular places in wales to have cold water treatment
Llandrindod, Rhyl, Llandudno this was because you could go swimming in the sea
info about cold water treatment
it was seen as fashionable to have a plunge pool
water would be piped into homes (change)
this was really only happening with wealthy people
it was recommended to drink 1L of water a day
what did a naval surgeon find out about child bed fever for women
the surgeon Alexander Gordon from Aberdeen noticed that women with a midwife or wise women rarely caught it. so the cure was to wash hand and clothes in chlorinated water to prevent disease
when were the results of child bed fever published
1795 and knowledge was growing however he was mocked by the medical profession at first
what does the microscope, stethoscope and kymograph do
sees infections
listens to breathing armoury
measures blood pressure
an example of a scientific paper that was published
James Lind 1753, identified scurvy, he insisted sailors were given a dose of lime juice/ fresh fruit everyday to keep them healthy
what did John snow do to do with cholera
first to use chloroform, he used his data and maps to show link between the quality oF water from different sources to cholera deaths, it showed that Southwark were taking water from sewage polluted sections of the Thames but snow noticed places near a brewery and brewery workers didn’t catch cholera as they were drinking beer.
