Prevention in Practice Flashcards
(48 cards)
WHat are the five approaches to oral health promotion?
Prevention Behaviour change Education Empoweerment Social Change
What is dental health education? Reference
Any educational activity which aims to achieve a health goal
WHO 1984
What is Health promotion? refernce
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health
WHO 1984
What does the educational approach to oral health promotion encompass? give an example
providing knowledge and skills to make the correct choices
e.g smoking intervention groups
What are the 3 domains of learning?
KAB
K=Cognitive (aquisition of facts)
A= affective (attitides and beleifs)
B= Behavaioural ( skills and actions)
What are the three theories of behaviour change?
health locus model
Health belief model
Status of Change/transtheroretical model
What does the Health locus model say about behaviour change?
Extent to which individuals believe their health is influenced by their own or by others behaviours
Where are the three loci in the health locus model?
internal locus: individual belives they have their wn ability and skill to change behaviiour
powerful others: influenced by important people
chance: determined by chance and individual has little control over outcome
WHat is the health belief model used to do?
it is used to predict health behaviours
How successful is the HBM linked to oral health?
poorly
little relation in success of HBM to oral health
What is the role of the individual in the HBM?
the individual must do their own CB analysis to consider behaviour change
Consider the threat, the severity of the threat and the value of changing the behaviour
What is needed to instigate a behaviour change in the HBM?
a trigger
What is the aim of the pre-contemplation stage of the SoC model?
to encourage serious consideration of behaviour change
What is the purpose of the contemplation stage of the SoC model?
making the decision to change
What is the purpose of the preparation stage of the SoC model?
action plan is to be implemented soon
What happens in the action phase of SoC model?
successful action and establishment of change which takes 3-6 months
What happens in the maintenance phase of SoC model?
long term establishment of new behaviour
What are the 7 stages in the SoC model?
pre comtemplation comtemplation prepartion action maintenace relapse terminate
What are the barriers that prevent change in behaviour?
lack of oppurtunity, resources, support, knowledge
conflicting information and motives
future rather than immediate consequences
no clear goals
putt off by falure
What happens when there is relapse and regression?
unable to maintain new behaviour after initial success
usually takes many cycles until people are succesful
What are the disadvantages of the SoC model?
not clear whether behaviour changes is seen as stages or a continuum
it is too simplistic
doesnt consider socio-cultural norms
How much evidence is there showing how effective OHP is?
there has been limited systematic reviews on oral health promotion
Who has done research into the effectiveness of OHP and what has it shown?
kay and locker 1996, 1997
sprod, anderson and treasure 1996
Evidence to show that DHE increases knowledge no reliable evidence that DHE can change beahviour BUT according to NHS brief smoking intrvetion works in the short run
How much evidence is there on effectiveness ofsmoking cessation?
noone has done evdicen on this
