Prevention of illness over time - chap 2 Flashcards
(33 cards)
Medieval era
Who was Hippocrates and why was he important?
- Father of Modern medicine
- Developed the Theory of the Four Humors
Medieval era
How did people try prevent illness before C.500?
- Arabs believed in clean air
- Romans built huge aquedacts to bring fresh water
Medieval era
How did the church explain illness?
Manifestation of spiritual illness
Medieval era
How did the church teach to prevent illness?
- prayer
- repentance
- living a good
- sin-free life
Medieval era
What is alchemy?
practice of transforming metals to gold and seeking immortality (elixir of life)
Medieval era
What was the role of alchemy in medicine?
contributed to early medicine by developing:
* herbal remedies
* chemical treatments
* metal-based cures
* elixir of life
Medieval era
Who were Flagellants?
members of religious movements in -
believed the plague and other disasters were punishments from God:
* punished themselves - believed it could help cleanse society + gain God’s mercy - marched from town to town, publicly whipping themselves with scourges (multi-thonged whips) in processions that could last for days
Medieval era
How did people try to stop the spread of the Black Death?
- They used quarantine
- avoided travel
- burned contaminated items
Medieval era
How did Edward III contibute?
Establishing Quarantine Measures to stop bad air spreading
Medieval era
Who were soothsayers?
mystical figures who claimed to predict the future using:
* astrology
* dreams
* omens
* supernatural signs
Medieval Era
Why were soothsayers important?
- Guidance in Uncertainty
- Health and Disease Advice
Medieval Era
Who was a famous soothsayer?
Mother Shipton
Renaissance era
What were the key prevention methods?
- Growing scientific explanations, but miasma theory still dominated
- Variolation
Renaissance era
What was variolation?
- early method of smallpox prevention
- where a healthy person was deliberately infected with a mild case of smallpox by inserting pus or powdered scabs from an infected person into a small cut or inhaling it
Renaissance era
What was the extent of change during the renaissance?
- Some improvement
- Most people still believed in miasma and supernatural causes
- limited and inconsistent
Industrial era
Who discovered the first vaccination, and for what disease?
Edward Jenner
discovered the smallpox vaccine after noticing that milkmaids with cowpox did not get smallpox
Industrial era
Why was Edward Jenner’s discovery important?
- saved millions of lives
- It replaced variolation - early method of smallpox prevention
Industrial era
Why was Jenner’s vaccination better than variolation?
safer and more effective
Industrial era
What was cholera?
- deadly disease causing severe diarrhea and dehydration
- often leading to death within hours
- many doctors and officials believed that bad air caused it (miasma theory)
Industrial era
What did John Snow discover in 1854?
proved that cholera was waterborne not bad air (miasma theory)
Industrial era
What did Snow do to stop the outbreak?
removed the Broad Street pump handle
Industrial era
What is childbed fever?
deadly infection that affected women after childbirth
Industrial era
Who was Ignaz Semmelweis and what did he discover aboutchildbed fever?
noticed that women treated by doctors had much higher death rates than those treated by midwives
Industrial era
How did Semmelweis reduce childbed fever deaths?
introduced handwashing with chlorinated lime solution
