Principles Of Homeostasis Flashcards Preview

Biology-16-Homeostasis > Principles Of Homeostasis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Principles Of Homeostasis Deck (11)
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1
Q

What is homeostasis

A

The maintenance of an internal environment within restricted limits in organisms

2
Q

What is the internal environment made up of

A

Tissue fluids, that bathe each cell, supplying nutrients and removing wastes to

3
Q

Why is homeostasis important

A

For enzymes that control biochemical reactions within cells and other proteins are sensitive to changes in pH and temperature; by any changes to these factors reduces the rate of reaction of enzymes or may even prevent them from working all together

4
Q

Why is homeostasis important in terms of blood glucose

A

If blood glucose conc is too high the water potential of blood is reduced to a point where water molecules diffuse out of cells into blood by osmosis

If blood glucose conc is too low, cells are unable to carry out normal activities because there isn’t enough glucose for respiration to provide energy

A constant blood glucose conc also ensures a reliable source of glucose for respiration by cells

5
Q

What are the series of stages that are involved in controlling any self regulating system

A

Optimum point - the point at which the system operates best, this is monitored by…

Receptor - which detects any deviation from the optimum point and informs the …

Coordinator - which coordinates info from receptors and send instructions to the appropriate….

Effector - often a muscle or gland, which brings about the changes needed to return the system to the optimum point. This return to normality creates…

Feedback mechanism - by which a receptor responds to a stimulus created by the change to the system brought about by the effector

6
Q

What’s negative feedback

A

The mechanism That restores levels back to normal

7
Q

When does positive feedback occur

A

When a deviation from an optimum causes changes that result in an even greater deviation from the normal

8
Q

How do ectotherms control

Body temp

A

Exposing themselves to the sun

Taking shelter

Gaining warmth from ground

9
Q

How do endotherms gain heat in a cold environment

A

Vasoconstriction

Shivering

Raising of hair

Increased metabolic rate

Decrease in sweating

Behavioural mechanisms

10
Q

What do fluctuations from the optimum temp mean

A

Enzymes function less efficiently, the enzyme may denature and cease to function all together. A constant temp means that reactions occur at a predictable and constant rate

11
Q

How do endotherms lose heat in a hot environment

A

Vasodilation

Increased sweating

Lowering of body hair

Behaviour mechanism